21. Testimonium Flavianum (The writings of josephus were brought down to us from antiquity not by the Jewish josephus, Antiquities 18.63, probably in a Christian redaction http://www.history.upenn.edu/~humm/Topics/JewishJesus/josephus.html

Josephus on Jesus The so called Testimonium Flavianum . This is the only direct discussion of Jesus to be found in the writings of Josephus. Unfortunately, the text as we have it in extant copies of Josephus' Antiquities appears to have been dramatically re-written from a Christian point of view. (The writings of Josephus were brought down to us from antiquity not by the Jewish community, but by the Christians). The second column contains an Arabic quotation of the Josephus passage that has a much less Christian flavor. Some scholars have argued that the Arabic version has a more likely claim to originality. Although that is a strong possibility, it should be noted that even the Arabic version is a good deal kinder to Jesus than Josephus usually is to messianic claimants. In addition it is harder to see why the Christian scribe would feel so compelled to change it. It is possible that the original may have been much more insulting, in keeping with Josephus' normal pattern, and that the Greek and Arabic versions are simply two different recensions of a Christian rewrite. R. Eisler has made an effort to reconstruct an 'original' that might have, given Christian revision, served as a base for the version that survives in Greek. It is, of course, entirely hypothetical, and no textual evidence exists to support it, but it does fit in better with Josephus' usual pattern and language, as well as the general context of the passage.

22. Josephus'Testimony To Jesus The words in ALL CAPS are likely interpolations added by Christian copyists over the centuries in an attempt to make josephus support faith in Jesus as the http://www.uncc.edu/jdtabor/josephus-jesus.html

Josephus' Testimony to Jesus (Testimonium Flavianum) Josephus, Antiquities The words in ALL CAPS are likely interpolations added by Christian copyists over the centuries in an attempt to make Josephus support faith in Jesus as the Christ. We have only three Greek manuscripts of this section of Josephus, all from the 11th century. These phrases, added rather clumsily, appear to be rather obvious additions even to the modern reader in English. Once restored to its more original reading Josephus offers us a most fascinating reference to Jesus. Indeed, it is the earliest reference to Jesus outside the New Testament, and its rather matter of fact, neutral reporting, makes it all the more valuable to the historian. It is worth noting that in his earlier work, The Jewish War , written shortly after the revolt under the auspices of the Emperor Vespasian, he mentioned neither Jesus, nor John the Baptist, nor James, while in Antiquities , written in the early 90s C.E., he mentions all three. For an excellent discussion of this text see John Meier

23. Josephus Unbound The works of the foremost Jewish historian of the time, Flavius josephus, happen to contain two references to things Christian which are in dispute, http://home.ca.inter.net/~oblio/supp10.htm

24. Josephus Flavius Game josephus Flavius was a famous Jewish historian of the first century at the time of the Second Temple destruction. During the JewishRoman war he got trapped http://www.cut-the-knot.org/recurrence/flavius.shtml

var MyPageLoc = document.location; var MyPageTitle = document.title; G o o g ... e Web CTK Sites for teachers Sites for parents Awards Interactive Activities ... Sites for parents Josephus Flavius game Josephus Flavius was a famous Jewish historian of the first century at the time of the Second Temple destruction. During the Jewish-Roman war he got trapped in a cave with a group of 40 soldiers surrounded by romans. The legend has it that preferring suicide to capture, the Jews decided to form a circle and, proceeding around it, to kill every third remaining person until no one was left. Josephus, not keen to die, quickly found the safe spot in the circle and thus stayed alive. The applet below generalizes that situation. The number of people is limited by 50, but "Every which" controls allow for variations on the original theme. A player selects a spot and presses one of the Fast or Slow buttons to observe the sequence in which people will die. The purpose of the game, of course, is to stay alive by choosing the right spot. The counting starts from the topmost position indicated by a short straight line segment. This applet requires Sun's Java VM 2 which your browser may perceive as a popup. Which it is not. If you want to see the applet work, visit Sun's website at http://www.java.com/en/download/index.jsp, download and install Java VM and enjoy the applet.

25. Josephus Problem -- From Wolfram MathWorld The list giving the place in the execution sequence of the first, second, etc. man can be given by josephusn, m in the Mathematica package Combinatorica` http://mathworld.wolfram.com/JosephusProblem.html

Algebra Applied Mathematics Calculus and Analysis Discrete Mathematics ... Mnemonics Josephus Problem Given a group of men arranged in a circle under the edict that every th man will be executed going around the circle until only one remains, find the position in which you should stand in order to be the last survivor (Ball and Coxeter 1987). The list giving the place in the execution sequence of the first, second, etc. man can be given by Josephus n m ] in the Mathematica package Combinatorica` (which can be loaded with the command ) . For example, consider men numbered 1 to 4 such that each second ( ) man is iteratively slaughtered, as illustrated above. As can be seen, the first man is slaughtered 4th, the second man 1st, the third man 3rd, and the fourth man 2nd, so Josephus [4, 2] in the Mathematica package Combinatorica` (which can be loaded with the command ) returns To obtain the ordered list of men who are consecutively slaughtered, InversePermutation in the Mathematica package Combinatorica` (which can be loaded with the command ) can be applied to the output of Josephus . So, in the above example

26. Ancient History Sourcebook: Josephus: The Roman Army A writing according to josephus. http://www.fordham.edu/Halsall/ancient/josephus-warb.html

Back to Ancient History Sourcebook Ancient History Sourcebook: Josephus (37- after 93 CE): The Roman Army in the First Century CE Book 3 :Chapter 5: DESCRIPTION OF THE ROMAN ARMIES AND ROMAN CAMPS 8. This account I have given the reader, not so much with the intention of commending the Romans, as of comforting those that have been conquered by them, and for the deterring others from attempting innovations under their government. This discourse of the Roman military conduct may also perhaps be of use to such of the curious as are ignorant of it, and yet have a mind to know it. I return now from this digression. Book 3: Chapter 6: The Army on the March Source: Flavius Josephus: The Jewish War . III.5-6, trans. William Whiston. Complete works of Josephus online at CCEL - http://ccel.wheaton.edu/j/josephus/JOSEPHUS.HTM This text is part of the Internet Ancient History Sourcebook . The Sourcebook is a collection of public domain and copy-permitted texts related to medieval and Byzantine history. halsall@murray.fordham.edu

27. Flavius Josephus History Of The Jews The history of the Jewish revolt against the Roman Empire in the years 6674 AD/CE, as experienced by Flavius josephus himself. http://bible.christiansunite.com/josindex.shtml

Click here document.write(''); Subscribe to our Free Newsletter. Enter your email address: Search the Bible Use the: Authorized Version American Standard Bible in Basic English Darby Bible Webster Bible Young's Literal Trans. World English Bible Gen Exo Lev Num Deu Jos Jdg Rth Ezr Neh Est Job Psa Pro Ecl Sos Isa Jer Lam Eze Dan Hos Joe Amo Oba Jon Mic Nah Hab Zep Hag Zec Mal Mat Mrk Luk Joh Act Rom Gal Eph Php Col Tts Phm Heb Jms Jde Rev KJV ASV BBE DBY WEB YLT WOR Main Index History : Josephus Antiquities of the Jews. The history of the Jews prior to the revolt, based on the Bible, other Jewish writings, and the works of previous historians. The War of the Jews. The history of the Jewish revolt against the Roman Empire in the years 66-74 AD/CE, as experienced by Flavius Josephus himself. Against Apion. A defense of Judaism, answering an attack by a Roman author. The Life. Flavius Josephus' autobiography. Discourse To The Greeks Concerning Hades An excerpt. ADD BIBLE SEARCH POWER to your browser with the ChristiansUnite Toolbar document.write(''); More From ChristiansUnite... About Us Christian Advertising Christian Holidays ChristiansUnite.com Site Map

28. PACE Texts and Commentary. On cultural intersection, including josephus and Polybius, with commentary Annotated bibliography to Flavius josephus, with links http://pace.cns.yorku.ca/

29. From Jesus To Christ: Primary Sources: Josephus Describes Mass Suicide At Masada Relevant excerpt from the writings of josephus. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/religion/maps/primary/josephusmasa

var loc = "../../../../"; var gaJsHost = (("https:" == document.location.protocol) ? "https://ssl." : "http://www."); document.write(unescape("%3Cscript src='" + gaJsHost + "google-analytics.com/ga.js' type='text/javascript'%3E%3C/script%3E")); Some scholars maintain that Josephus' account of the tragedy at Masada is contradicted by archaeological evidence. Read the conclusions from Shaye Cohen's article "Masada: Literary Tradition, Archaeological Remains, and the Credibility of Josephus" The Wars of the Jews, Book 7 From The Works of Josephus translated by William Whiston Hendrickson Publishers, 1987 home jesus' many faces jesus' world storytellers ... forum web site 1995-2008 WGBH educational foundation document.write(sidenavsub);

30. Peter Debye - Biography Petrus (Peter) josephus Wilhelmus Debye was born March 24, 1884, at Maastricht, the Netherlands. He received his early education at the elementary and http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1936/debye-bio.html

Nobel Foundation Nobel Media Nobel Museum Nobel Peace Center ... Prize in Economics Peter Debye The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1936 Biography Petrus (Peter) Josephus Wilhelmus Debye was born March 24, 1884, at Maastricht, the Netherlands. He received his early education at the elementary and secondary schools in his home town and from then on his life has been devoted to a search for knowledge. He continued his studies at the Aachen Institute of Technology (Technische Hochschule) and gained a degree in electrical technology there, in 1905. This led to his appointment as Assistant in Technical Mechanics at the Aachen Technological Institute, where he worked for two years. In 1906 Debye obtained a similar position in Theoretical Physics at Munich University, where he qualified as a University lecturer in 1910 (having obtained this University's Ph.D. in Physics in 1908). In 1915 Professor Debye became Editor of Physikalische Zeitschrift and continued to act in this capacity until 1940. This appointment terminated his work in Europe, and in 1940 he became Professor of Chemistry and Principal of the Chemistry Department of Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, taking American citizenship in 1946.

31. Josephus (AD 37/38 - C. 100) The writings of the Jewish historian josephus are invaluable as a primary source of New Testament background material. Without them it would be all but http://www.earlychurch.org.uk/josephus.php

Josephus (AD 37/38 - c. 100) About Site Map Support Site Introductions ... People Alexander of Alexandria Ambrose of Milan Athanasius Athenagoras Augustine of Hippo Basil of Caesarea Boethius John Cassian Celsus Clement of Alexandria Clement of Rome Constantine Cyprian Cyril of Alexandria Cyril of Jerusalem Ephraem the Syrian Epiphanius Eusebius of Caesarea Gregory of Nazianzus Gregory of Nyssa Gregory Thaumaturgus Hermas Hilary of Poitiers Hippolytus Ignatius of Antioch Irenaeus of Lyons Julius Africanus Jerome John Chrysostom Josephus Justin Martyr Justinian I Lactantius Marcellus of Ancyra Melito of Sardis Methodius Minucius Felix Novatian Origen Pachomius Papias Philo Polycarp Tatian Tertullian Theodore of Mopsuestia Theodoret Theophilus Tyconius Ulfilas Victorinus of Pattau Marius Victorinus Philosophy Writings ... Contact me Updated: 10:14 pm, 23 Dec 2007 - QUICK FIND INDEX - Synopsis Bibliographies Primary Sources Secondary Sources Biographies Web earlychurch.org.uk Josephus (from a pre-1900 edition of The Antiquities Click on thumbnail to download larger image (see Synopsis The writings of the Jewish historian Josephus are invaluable as a primary source of New Testament background material. Without them it would be all but impossible to verify or in some cases even to understand some of the historical references in the Gospels and in the book of Acts.[

32. Texts In Perseus For Browsing: Greek 18.1); Aegineticus (Isoc. 19.1); Against Lochites (Isoc. 20.1); Against Euthynus (Isoc. 21.1); Letters (Isoc. L. 1.1). Flavius josephus (J. BJ 6.1) http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/Texts/chunk_TOC.grk.html

Primary Text Index: Greek Note: This page is outdated. Perseus Texts are found in the Table of Contents Some links below may not work. Here are the primary texts currently available on our web site. They have been broken into chunks for ease of browsing, with links and a lookup tool to help you navigate through the texts quickly. Clicking on any Greek word in the text which is a link will take you to the morphological analysis for that word, and from there you can use the other text tools. Please see Text Help if you are unsure how to display Greek properly or how to use text tools Note: Textual reference appearing after titles in parentheses gives their standard scholarly abbreviations, and provides a template for how to look up other passages in that author while browsing. Index of Authors Aeschines Aeschylus Andocides Antiphon ... Xenophon Authors and their works: Aeschines (Aeschin. 1.93) Against Timarchus (Aeschin. 1.1) On the Embassy (Aeschin. 2.1) Against Ctesiphon (Aeschin. 3.1) Aeschylus (Aesch. Ag. 345) Agamemnon (Aesch. Ag. 1)

33. Broward County - Mayor Josephus Eggelletion, Jr, Commissioner District 9 Mayor josephus Eggelletion, Jr., Commissioner District 9 Sincerely, josephus Eggelletion, Jr. Commission District 9 http://www.broward.org/eggelletion/

About Commissioner Eggelletion District 9 Photo Gallery Commission Webcast ... Broward County Home Page Dear Broward County Residents, I was elected to the Board of County Commissioners in 2000 and prior to that I served in the Florida House of Representatives for eight consecutive years. I recently ended a year-long term as Mayor of Broward County. I am honored to represent the residents of District 9, which includes portions of the cities of Fort Lauderdale, Lauderdale Lakes, Lauderhill, North Lauderdale, Oakland Park, Pompano Beach, Wilton Manors, Sunrise, Tamarac and Plantation. There are a number of things going on in our community that I want to bring your attention to. We have continued to make great progress on the construction of affordable housing in the central county neighborhoods of Roosevelt Gardens and Washington Park. Contracts have been awarded, or are in the process of being finalized, for 66 affordable single family homes and the next phases of the project will see more houses built in these neighborhoods, as well as the neighborhoods of Boulevard Gardens and Franklin Park. We also recently celebrated a groundbreaking of the Renaissance in Lauderhill, an affordable housing project that provided 27 workforce priced single-family homes in Central Broward County.

34. Antiquities Of The Jews by Flavius josephus. This work was translated by William Whiston and edited by the folks at Sage Software, who offer these works, as well as hundreds of http://www.interhack.net/projects/library/antiquities-jews/

Antiquities of the Jews by Flavius Josephus This work was translated by William Whiston and edited by the folks at Sage Software, who offer these works, as well as hundreds of ancient and modern authors, on CD from http://www.sagelibrary.com/ . (I am not associated with Sage Software, but left the plug for their CD in place because it is from their production of the text that my work here is based.) HTML conversion was performed from RTF and Microsoft Word sources locally. Preface Book I Containing The Interval Of Three Thousand Eight Hundred And Thirty-Three Years. From The Creation To The Death Of Isaac. Chapter 1 The Constitution Of The World And The Disposition Of The Elements. Chapter 2 Concerning The Posterity Of Adam, And The Ten Generations From Him To The Deluge Chapter 3 Concerning The Flood; And After What Manner Noah Was Saved In An Ark, With His Kindred, And Afterwards Dwelt In The Plain Of Shinar Chapter 4 Concerning The Tower Of Babylon, And The Confusion Of Tongues Chapter 5 After What Manner The Posterity Of Noah Sent Out Colonies, And Inhabited The Whole Earth

35. The Complete Works Of Flavius Josephus The Works of Flavius josephus is free at StudyLight.org for sermon, Bible study, and Sunday school preparation. http://www.studylight.org/his/bc/wfj/

Statement of Faith Tell a Friend about Us Color Scheme: Honeydew Raspberry Sandstone Slateblue Slategrey Thistle Turquoise Wheat Saturday, April 5, 2008 Join Now! Login Our Sponsors Download Bible Explorer for Free Try some Divinity! Fast, Easy and Affordable! Meet Christian Singles ... Attention, Music Ministers Multi-Lingual Choose language English Arabic Spanish Study Resources What's New!!! Interlinear Bible Parallel Bible Daily Reading Plan ... Religious Artwork SL Forums Apologetic Forum Christian Living Ministry Forum Evangelism Forum ... Help Forum Other Resources Advertise with SL FREE Resources Information Set Preferences ... B.C. (Before Christ) Works of Favius Josephus Works of Favius Josephus Antiquities of the Jews The "Antiquities of the Jews" ("Jewish Archeology") is a comprehensive history of the Jewish people from the beginnings of Biblical history to the outbreak of the war in 66 A.D., in twenty books, after the model of the Romaike archaiologia of Dionysius of Halicarnassus. It was completed in the thirteenth year of Domitian, 93-94 A.D. For the Biblical period (books 1 and 11) Josephus draws almost exclusively from the Bible in the Septuagint version, but he modifies the Biblical story and supplements it by legends, following current traditions. Against Apion The "Against Apion" or "Contra Apionem" presents a well-written systematic apology for Judaism in reply to various attacks, especially in the literary world. The usual title "Contra Apionem" is misleading, since only a part of the work is occupied with the polemic against Apion.

36. The Complete Works Of Flavius Josephus: Antiquities Of The Jews, War Of The Jews josephus was a priest, a soldier, and a scholar. He is famous for being the most credible secular historian to record the existence of Jesus Christ outside http://reluctant-messenger.com/josephus.htm

Josephus Home Antiquities of the Jews Preface Creation to Death of Isaac Death of Isaac to the Exodus From Exodus to Rejection of the Generation ... Fadus the Procurator to Florus War of the Jews Preface Taking of Jerusalem by Antiochus Epiphanes to the Death of Herod the Great Death of Herod till Vespasian was sent to subdue the Jews by Nero Vespasian's coming to Subdue the Jews to the Taking of Gamala ... Taking of Jerusalem by Titus to the Sedition of the Jews at Cyrene Autobiography The Life of Flavius Josephus Hades Josephus's Discourse to the Greeks on Hades Flavius Josephus Against Apion Part I Part II Click here for The Reluctant Messenger (Host Site) Flavius Josephus Josephus was a priest, a soldier, and a scholar. He is famous for being the most credible secular historian to record the existence of Jesus Christ outside of the New Testament. He was born Joseph ben Mattathias in Jerusalem in 37 CE , a few years after the time of Jesus, during the time of the Roman occupation of the Jewish homeland. In his early twenties he was sent to Rome to negotiate the release of several priests held hostage by Emperor Nero. When he returned home after completing his mission he found the nation beginning a revolution against the Romans. Despite his foreboding that the cause was hopeless, he was drafted into becoming commander of the revolutionary forces in Galilee, where he spent more time controlling internal factions than fighting the Roman army. When the city of Jotapata he was defending fell to the Roman general Vespasian, Josephus and his supporters hid in a cave and entered into a suicide pact, which Josephus oddly survived.

37. Non-Christian Testimony For Jesus? – From The Authentic Pen Of Lying Chris In a single paragraph (the socalled Testimonium Flavianum) josephus confirms . In short, the Arabic josephus is no evidence of the Christian godman and http://www.jesusneverexisted.com/josephus-etal.html

Non-Christian Testimony? Sources: Paul Johnson, A History of the Jews (Phoenix Grant, 1987) Dan Cohn-Sherbok, The Crucified Jew (Harper Collins,1992) Henry Hart Milman, The History of the Jews (Everyman, 1939) Josephus, The Jewish War (Penguin, 1959) Leslie Houlden (Ed.), (Routledge, 1988) Karen Armstrong, A History of Jerusalem (Harper Collins, 1999) Suetonius , The Twelve Caesars (Penguin, 1980) Norman Cantor, The Sacred Chain - A History of the Jews (Harper Collins, 1994) Edward Gibbon, Kenneth Humphreys Site Search: search tips site map This article and over fifty others are now available as a book. For your copy order here "Testimonium Flavianum" "Now, there was about this time, Jesus, a wise man, if it be lawful to call him a man, for he was a doer of wonderful works, a teacher of such men as receive the truth with pleasure. He drew over to him both many of the Jews, and many of the Gentiles. He was the Christ; and when Pilate, at the suggestion of the principal men amongst us, had condemned him to the cross, those that loved him at the first did not forsake him, for he appeared to them alive again the third day, as the divine prophets had foretold these and ten thousand other wonderful things concerning him; and the tribe of Christians, so named from him, are not extinct at this day."

38. The Josephus Game In the Jewish revolt against Rome, josephus and 39 of his comrades were holding out against the Romans in a cave. With defeat imminent, they resolved that, http://www.ship.edu/~deensl/mathdl/Joseph.html

39. Josephus Daniels The word bystander could never be applied to josephus Daniels. Daniels emerged from war torn eastern North Carolina to establish a popular and influential http://statelibrary.dcr.state.nc.us/nc/bio/ncbiz/daniels.htm

Josephus Daniels A man is as old as his arteries and his interests. If he permits his economic, religious, or social arteries to harden, or loses interest in whatever concerns mankind . . . he will need only six feet of earth. Josephus Daniels The word "bystander" could never be applied to Josephus Daniels. Daniels emerged from war torn eastern North Carolina to establish a popular and influential newspaper and serve in high government offices. Daniels' career was marked by straightforward words and actions that sometimes offended opponents but left no doubt as to where Daniels stood. The influence of Josephus Daniels may still be seen today. Daniels was born in Washington, North Carolina on May 18, 1862. The Civil War was in full fury, and the town of Washington changed hands several times. Josephus Daniels' father, also named Josephus, was a shipbuilder for the Confederacy and was killed before his son reached three years of age. Mary Daniels, Josephus' mother, started a small dressmaking business to support the family, but eventually moved the family to Wilson and became the postal official there. The three Daniels brothers also worked to aid the family income. Josephus worked several odd jobs, which included picking cotton and clerking in a drug store. Eventually he found a job in a printing office, a position which set the stage for a lifelong career in newspaper publication.

40. Josephus The historian known to posterity by the Latinized name josephus was a member of Jerusalem s priestly aristocracy who, at age 30, was taken hostage in the http://virtualreligion.net/iho/josephus.html

J osephus [37-ca 100 CE The historian known to posterity by the Latinized name Josephus was a member of Jerusalem 's priestly aristocracy who, at age 30, was taken hostage in the great Jewish revolt against Rome (66-70 CE Vespasian Titus Domitian ]. His constant need to explain his role in the unsuccessful Jewish uprising that climaxed with the destruction of the Jerusalem temple led him to publish four works [in Greek] that are our prime source for information about events that shaped the history of Jews of the second temple period. Joseph bar Matthew [Greek: Matthias], as Josephus was originally known, was born soon after Caligula became Roman emperor (37/38 CE ). He was one of two sons of a Jewish priest who claimed descent from the Hasmonean family of priests who had won Jewish independence from the Greco-Syrian empire two centuries earlier. A precocious youth with a thirst for learning, Josephus claims that by the time he was 14 he was already consulted on legal problems by Jerusalem's chief priests [ Life 8]. At age 16 he began three years of intense religious training. After basic introduction to the principles of the three primary

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