1. Tertullian - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia Quintus Septimius Florente tertullianus, anglicised as tertullian, (c160 c 225) 1 was a church leader and prolific author of early Christianity. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tertullian

Tertullian From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation search This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding reliable references . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (March 2008) Quintus Septimius Florente Tertullianus anglicised as Tertullian , (c. – c. was a church leader and prolific author of early Christianity . He also was a notable early Christian apologist . He was the son of a Roman centurion. He was raised in Carthage as a pagan. Tertullian denounced Christian doctrines he considered heretical , but later in life adopted views that themselves came to be regarded as heretical. He wrote three books in Greek and was the first great writer of Latin Christianity, thus sometimes known as the "Father of the Latin Church". He was a notable lawyer in Rome during the reign of Marcus Aurelius and introduced the term Trinity (Theophilius to Autolycus – 115–181 – introduced the word Trinity in his Book 2, chapter 15 on the creation of the 4th day) as the Latin trinitas , to the Christian vocabulary and also probably the formula "three Persons, one Substance" as the Latin "tres

2. The Tertullian Project (New Pair) tertullian latin texts, translations, editions, bibliography, links, manuscripts, text criticism, early christians, fathers. http://www.tertullian.org/

The Tertullian Project A collection of material ancient and modern about the ancient Christian Latin writer Tertullian and his writings. Last updated 29 th February 2008 What's New? Digital Library/Online Books and articles Books Search ... Site Map Never heard of him? Read this first , and A popularising modern account Jerome , Altaner's Patrology: English Français Deutsch , Bardenhewer's Patrology: English De Labriolle Was Tertullian a Jurist? Theology His Writings and comments on them Overview Ad Martyras Ad Nationes Ad Scapulam ... Scripture References Texts and Translations Latin Texts ; Translations : English (ANF+) Français Deutsch Italiano ... Brazilian-Portuguese Montanists and Tertullianists Montanism Tertullianistae Excerpts of Praedestinatus ... De Haeresibus Testimonia Who read Tertullian in antiquity? The Renaissance Rediscovery Trithemius Manuscripts Introduction Table of Codices (VERY BIG) Table of lost codices Stemma Manuscripts of the Apologeticum ... Classification MSS: Agobardinus Keppel fragment M P ... Various Italian Lost Manuscripts and Inventories Divionensis Gorze Masburensis Lorsch ... Hirsau , Inventories: Bardeney Cluny Corbie Cologne ... Other catalogues Collected Editions Early Editions (1450-1850) Modern Critical Editions (1851-Date) Bibliography - Online articles Annotationes Big bibliography Digital Library Online Books and articles ... Series of English Translations of the Fathers Other

3. CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Tertullian Ecclesiastical writer in the second and third centuries. http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14520c.htm

Home Encyclopedia Summa Fathers ... T > Tertullian Tertullian (Q UINTUS S EPTIMIUS F LORENS T ERTULLIANUS Ecclesiastical writer in the second and third centuries, b. probably about 160 at Carthage , being the son of a centurion in the proconsular service. He was evidently by profession an advocate in the law-courts, and he shows a close acquaintance with the procedure and terms of Roman law , though it is doubtful whether he is to be identified with a jurist Tertullian who is cited in the Pandects . He knew Greek as well as Latin, and wrote works in Greek which have not come down to us. A pagan until middle life , he had shared the pagan prejudices against Christianity , and had indulged like others in shameful pleasures. His conversion was not later than the year 197, and may have been earlier. He embraced the Faith with all the ardour of his impetuous nature . He became a priest , no doubt of the Church of Carthage Monceaux, followed by d'Ales, considers that his earlier writings were composed while he was yet a layman , and if this be so, then his ordination was about 200. His extant writings range in

4. Tertullian Kirby, Peter. tertullian. Early Christian Writings. 2008. 14 Mar. 2008 http//www.earlychristianwritings.com/tertullian.html . http://www.earlychristianwritings.com/tertullian.html

Home Church Fathers Tertullian Tertullian At a Glance Treatise Genre Reliability of Dating Length of Text Greek Original Language: Ancient Translations: Modern Translations: Estimated Range of Dating: 197-220 C.E. Chronological List Earlier Texts 65-80 Gospel of Mark 70-100 Epistle of James 70-120 Egerton Gospel 70-160 Gospel of Peter 70-160 Secret Mark 70-200 Fayyum Fragment 70-200 The Twelve Patriarchs 73-200 Mara Bar Serapion 80-100 2 Thessalonians 80-100 Ephesians 80-100 Gospel of Matthew 80-110 1 Peter 80-120 Epistle of Barnabas 80-130 Gospel of Luke 80-130 Acts of the Apostles 80-140 1 Clement 80-150 Gospel of the Egyptians 80-150 Gospel of the Hebrews 73-200 Christian Sibyllines 80-100 Apocalypse of John 90-120 Gospel of John Later Texts Online Text for Tertullian The Apology On Idolatry De Spectaculis (The Shows) De Corona (The Chaplet) ... Appendix (Against All Heresies) (spurious) On Repentance On Baptism On Prayer Ad Martyras ... The Martyrdom of Perpetua and Felicity (sometimes ascribed to Tertullian) Of Patience On the Pallium On the Apparel of Women On the Veiling of Virgins ... De Fuga in Persecutione Online Resources for Tertullian Roberts-Donaldson Introduction Wace Introduction Handbook of Patrology: Tertullian The Tertullian Home Page ... Glenn Davis: Tertullian Offline Resources for Tertullian Information on Tertullian Tertullian wrote in the early third century.

5. Tertullian --  Britannica Online Encyclopedia Britannica online encyclopedia article on tertullian important early Christian theologian, polemicist, and moralist who, as the initiator of ecclesiastical http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9071803/Tertullian

var britAdCategory = "literature"; Already a member? LOGIN Encyclopædia Britannica - the Online Encyclopedia Home Blog Advocacy Board ... Free Trial Britannica Online Content Related to this Topic This Article's Table of Contents Introduction Life Literary activities. Tertullian as a Montanist Assessment. ... Print this Table of Contents Shopping New! Britannica Book of the Year The Ultimate Review of 2007. 2007 Britannica Encyclopedia Set (32-Volume Set) Revised, updated, and still unrivaled. New! Britannica 2008 Ultimate DVD/CD-ROM The world's premier software reference source. Tertullian Page 1 of 5 born c. 155, /160, Carthage [now in Tunisia] died after 220, , Carthage Latin in full Quintus Septimus Florens Tertullianus important early Christian theologian, polemicist, and moralist who, as the initiator of ecclesiastical Latin , was instrumental in shaping the vocabulary and thought of Western Christianity. Tertullian... (75 of 3591 words) To read the full article, activate your FREE Trial Commonly Asked Questions About Tertullian Close Enable free complete viewings of Britannica premium articles when linked from your website or blog-post.

6. The Development Of The Canon Of The New Testament - Tertullian tertullian s citations of New Testament writings and other related works. http://www.ntcanon.org/Tertullian.shtml

The Development of the Canon of the New Testament Authorities Writings Table Lists ... Vulgate Tertullian of Carthage (b. 155/160 Carthage - d. 220? CE) Tertullian, an early Christian author and polemicist, helped to establish Latin rather than Greek, which was the most widely used language at that time as an ecclesiastical language and as a vehicle for Christian thought in the West. He coined many new theological words and phrases and gave currency to those already in use, thus becoming a significant thinker in forging and fixing the vocabulary and thought structure of Western Christianity for the next 1000 years. Because he was a moralist rather than a philosopher by temperament which probably precipitated his famous question: "What has Athens to do with Jerusalem" Tertullian's practical and legal bent of mind expressed what would later be taken as the unique genius of Latin Christianity. The life of Tertullian is based almost wholly on information written by men living over a century after him and from obscure references in his own works. On this basis a general outline of his life has been constructed, but most of the details have been continually disputed by modern scholars. Tertullian was born in Carthage in the Roman province of Africa, present Tunisia, approximately 155-160 CE. Carthage at that time was second only to Rome as a cultural and educational center in the West, and Tertullian received an exceptional education in grammar, rhetoric, literature, philosophy, and law. Little is known of his early life. His parents were pagan, and his father may have been a centurion in an African-based legion assigned to the governor of the province. After completing his education in Carthage, he went to Rome, probably in his late teens or early 20s, to study further and perhaps begin work as a lawyer.

7. Tertullian Of Carthage (c. 160 - 225) Overview of tertullian s contributions, methods of exegesis, rhetoric, antiintellectualism, and Montanism. Includes sources. http://www.earlychurch.org.uk/tertullian.php

Tertullian of Carthage (c. 160 - 225) About Site Map Support Site Introductions ... People Alexander of Alexandria Ambrose of Milan Athanasius Athenagoras Augustine of Hippo Basil of Caesarea Boethius John Cassian Celsus Clement of Alexandria Clement of Rome Constantine Cyprian Cyril of Alexandria Cyril of Jerusalem Ephraem the Syrian Epiphanius Eusebius of Caesarea Gregory of Nazianzus Gregory of Nyssa Gregory Thaumaturgus Hermas Hilary of Poitiers Hippolytus Ignatius of Antioch Irenaeus of Lyons Julius Africanus Jerome John Chrysostom Josephus Justin Martyr Justinian I Lactantius Marcellus of Ancyra Melito of Sardis Methodius Minucius Felix Novatian Origen Pachomius Papias Philo Polycarp Tatian Tertullian Theodore of Mopsuestia Theodoret Theophilus Tyconius Ulfilas Victorinus of Pattau Marius Victorinus Philosophy Writings ... Contact me Updated: 07:16 pm, 4 Feb 2008 - QUICK FIND INDEX - Synopsis Primary Sources Secondary Sources Biographies Web earlychurch.org.uk Click on thumbnail for information on how to purchase a larger version of this image (see Synopsis Quintus Septimus Florens Tertullianus was born in Carthage to pagan parents, but became a Christian at some point before AD 197. According to Jerome[

8. Island Of Freedom - Tertullian An advocate in the law courts in Rome, tertullian converted (c. 193) to Christianity. His admiration for Christian heroism under persecution seems to have http://www.island-of-freedom.com/TERTULL.HTM

Island of Freedom Tertullian Origen St. Gregory St. Jerome ... Balthasar To make light of philosophy is to be a true philosopher. Blaise Pascal Home Theologians Philosophers Poets ... Siddhartha Tertullian c. 155-225 PLACES: The Tertullian Home Page WORKS: The Works of Tertullian - 31 treatises Quintus Septimius Florens Tertullianus was one of the greatest Western theologians and writers of Christian antiquity. the first important Christian ecclesiastical writer in Latin, Tertullian's writings are witness to the doctrine and discipline of the early church. An advocate in the law courts in Rome, Tertullian converted (c. 193) to Christianity. His admiration for Christian heroism under persecution seems to have been the strongest factor in his conversion. In 197 he returned to Carthage, where he married and became a presbyter of the church. About 207 he broke with the church and joined the Montanists in Africa. Soon after, however, he broke with them and formed his own party, known as the Tertullianists. A zealous champion of Christianity, Tertullian wrote many theological treatises, of which 31 have survived. He wrote with brilliant rhetoric and biting satire. His passion for truth led him into polemics with his enemies. In his various works he strove either to defend Christianity, to refute heresy, especially Gnosticism, or to argue some practical point of morality or church discipline. His views on ethics and discipline, rigorously ascetic from the first, became progressively more harsh in his later works. After espousing Montanist doctrines, he was a severe critic of orthodox Christians, whom he accused of moral laxity.

9. Tertullian tertullian was a lay theologian in Carthage, North Africa. His sincerity as a convert wasn mixed with moral rigorism and an uncompromising stand against http://www.womenpriests.org/traditio/tertul.asp

Tertullian ca. 155 - 245 AD Translation from the Ante-Nicene Fathers . For a complete electronic copy, visit the Christian Classics Ethereal Library the New Advent Library . Italics in the text by John Wijngaards. Tertullian was a lay theologian in Carthage, North Africa. His sincerity as a convert wasn mixed with moral rigorism and an uncompromising stand against worldly standards. This led him to leave the Church and join the Montanists in 210 AD, and later to found his own sect. Note. Encyclopedia Britannica Here are select passages that demonstrate what Tertullian thought about women. Every woman carries the curse of Eve, as originator of sin. Woman is a source of temptation Among heretics, women teach, dispute, heal and, perhaps, baptize Women may not teach, baptize or take on the priestly ministry ... It is better for a man not to marry, because it is tainted with concupiscence De Cultu Feminarum, book 1, chap. 1. On the Veiling of Virgins, chap. 10. men more (than to women Among heretics, women teach, dispute, heal and, perhaps, baptize

10. The Ecole Glossary tertullian (c 155 c 225 CE) of North Africa (probably Carthage) was a Christian apologist and writer, one of the first to write extensively in Latin. http://ecole.evansville.edu/glossary/tertullian.html

2007 Archive Edition - See the Archive Notice on the Project Homepage for more information. The Ecole Glossary Tertullian Tertullian (c - c CE) of North Africa (probably Carthage) was a Christian apologist and writer, one of the first to write extensively in Latin. Around , he converted to Christianity from Paganism. Later he joined the Montanists, a strict, puritan sect, and thereby passed outside of the orthodox Church. He was well-educated and admired by Jerome and Cyprian. Known as the greatest theologian of the West until Augustine , he is described as brilliant, sarcastic, and intolerant. Skeptical of the value of Greek philosophy in articulating Christian truths, Tertullian asked "What has Athens to do with Jerusalem?" His treatises, thirty-one of which still exist, are arranged according to Apologetic, Disciplinary and Controversial texts. His Apology is dedicated to proving the social injustice directed against Christians, and his Against Praxeas was written to refute Modal Monarchianism . Tertullian was the first to use the term Trinitas (trinity) to describe the Godhead. In so doing, he paved the way for the development of orthodox Trinitarian and Christological doctrines.

11. Tertullian Mocks Jewish 'Slanders' tertullian wrote this passage late in the 2nd century, CE. In the context he is imagining himself, after Jesus triumphant return, mocking the now damned http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/~humm/Topics/JewishJesus/tertullian.html

Tertullian Mocks Jewish 'Slanders' Tertullian wrote this passage late in the 2nd century, CE. In the context he is imagining himself, after Jesus' triumphant return, mocking the now damned Jews for their perversions of of the truth about Jesus (from his point of view). Much of what he accuses the Jews of saying/doing is straight out of the canonical gospels, but some, especially the last phrase, seems to reflect some of the traditions that will later be brought together in the Toledoth Yeshu . [AH] Tertullian, De Spetaculis Translation, quoted from Mead , p. 133. This is your carpenter's son, your harlot's son; your Sabbath-breaker, your Samaritan , your demon-possessed! This is he whom you bought from Judas. This is he who was struck with reeds and fists, dishonored with spittle, and given a draught of gall and vinegar! This is he whom his disciples have stolen secretly, that it may be said, 'He has risen', or the gardener abstracted that his lettuces might not be damaged by the crowds of visitors! The 'harlot's son' accusation is doubtless a commonplace. It is directly connected with Christian claims of virgin birth, but there is something of a chicken-egg problem. It is easy to imagine such a rebuttal to Christian claims, but it is also quite conceivable that the Christian version is a response to Jewish slanders about his origins. I am inclined toward the former explanation, but arguments can be made for either.

12. Tertullian tertullian A great Christian theologian and apologist was once part of a movement called Montanism, then created his own sect, called the tertullianists. http://www.allaboutreligion.org/tertullian-faq.htm

Tertullian You are here: Religion Learn More about the Beginning of Christianity! Tertullian Who was Tertullian? Tertullian (c.160 - c.230) was a gifted Christian apologist and theologian. He was born and raised in Carthage. Carthage was part of the Roman Empire and a leading center of Christianity during the third century. Tertullian was trained as a lawyer in Rome. He returned to Carthage, where he wrote for over twenty years in defense of the Christian faith. While Tertullian's writings failed to convert much of the Roman world to Christianity, his works contributed to the Church's understanding of Christian doctrine. Later in life, Tertullian became frustrated with the laxity of his Orthodox brethren. He left the church in 213 and joined a prophetic movement known as Montanism. Montanism was founded in the 170s by a Christian leader named Montanus. Montanism demanded that its members adhere to very high standards of behavior. Members of the sect believed that they were the only true Christians. Tertullian left that movement to form his own sect, the Tertullianists, which survived in Africa until the fifth century.

13. Tertullian Of Carthage, Early Church Father tertullian is the church father who more than any other has been taken to epitomise the antiintellectualism of the early Church. http://phoenicia.org/tertullian2.html

Tertullian of Carthage, Early Church Father Home Who We Are Virtual Center for Phoenician Studies Contact ... 1,200 pages the world's largest Phoenician site Download free Phoenicia Screensaver Phoenicia or Web Quintus Septimus Florens Tertullianus of Carthage (c. 160 - 225) "Tertullian is the church father who more than any other has been taken to epitomise the anti-intellectualism of the early Church." Quintus Septimus Florens Tertullianus was born in Carthage to pagan parents, but became a Christian at some point before AD 197. According to Jerome and Eusebius ) Very different conclusions may be reached from the fragmentary evidence available to us. Reasons for His Condemnation Throughout church history Tertullian has received condemnation for two main reasons: his association with the Montanist movement and because of his supposed anti-intellectualism. However, the vast majority of scholars now agree that the Montanists were doctrinally orthodox, Octavius Christianity is treated from the standpoint of philosophy, Scripture is not cited, nor are major biblical teachings much discussed.

14. Theology WebSite: Church History Study Helps: Tertullian Theology WebSite Church History Study Helps tertullian. http://www.theologywebsite.com/history/tertullian.shtml

Church History Study Helps: Tertullian Tertullian 1. About three years after Irenaeus was chosen bishop of Lyon, in July of 180 AD, there occurred an event whose record provides our first knowledge of Christianity in the province of North Africa: the martyrdom in the capital city Carthage, of twelve believers from the town of Scillium. This event so impacted the outlook of Christianity in this region, that the area long thereafter viewed itself as a church of martyrs. This very outlook is found in the many tracts we have of Tertullian, the first Christian writer of note to use Latin, and the man who gave to Latin theology its vocabulary and basic agenda. 2. Tertullian was a convert to Christianity, a native of Carthage who probably never strayed far from home, and a man whose professional education was in rhetoric. Tertullian bursts on the scene in North Africa in 197 with the appearance of his Apology. He seems to have died around 225. In between these two dates, he published eloquent, witty and argumentative tracts on doctrine and morals which reveal him to have been a masterful debater as well as a Christian of radical and uncompromising spirit. Sources utilized in these pages may include: Everett Ferguson's: Backgrounds of Early Christianity Walker's: History of Christianity (out of print) (These links will take you to book detail pages at Amazon.com)

15. Tertullian: De Carne Christi Text edited by Ernest Evans (1956). Transcribed by Roger Pearse (2002). tertullian Christian Latin The Latin Library The Classics Page. http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/tertullian/tertullian.carne.shtml

Q. SEPTIMII FLORENTIS TERTULLIANI DE CARNE CHRISTI LIBER I. Qui fidem resurrectionis ante istos Sadducaeorum propinquos sine controversia moratam ita student inquietare ut eam spem negent etiam ad carnem pertinere, merito Christi quoque carnem quaestionibus distrahunt, tanquam aut nullam omnino aut quoquo modo aliam praeter humanam, ne si humanam constiterit fuisse praeiudicatum sit adversus illos eam resurgere omni modo, quae in Christo resurrexerit. igitur unde illi destruunt carnis vota, inde nobis erunt praestruenda. examinemus corporalem substantiam domini: de spiritali enim certum est. caro quaeritur: veritas et qualitas eius retractatur, an fuerit et unde et cuiusmodi fuerit. renuntiatio eius dabit legem nostrae resurrectioni. Marcion ut carnem Christi negaret negavit etiam nativitatem, aut ut nativitatem negaret negavit et carnem, scilicet ne invicem sibi testimonium responderent nativitas et caro, quia nec nativitas sine carne nec caro sine nativitate: quasi non eadem licentia haeretica et ipse potuisset aut admissa carne nativitatem negare ut Apelles discipulus et postea desertor ipsius, aut et carnem et nativitatem confessus aliter illas interpretari ut condiscipulus et condesertor eius Valentinus. sed et, qui carnem Christi putativam introduxit, aeque potuit nativitatem quoque phantasma confingere, ut et conceptus et praegnatus et partus virginis, et ipsius exinde infantis ordo

16. Ancient History Sourcebook: Tertullian: On Pagan Learning, C. 220 CE From tertullian, On the Proscription of Heretics, trans. T. Herbert Bindley, (London SPCK, 1914). Scanned by J. S. Arkenberg, Dept. of History, Cal. http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/200Tertullian-pagan.html

Back to Ancient History Sourcebook Back to Medieval Sourcebook Ancient History Sourcebook: Tertullian: On Pagan Learning, c. 220 CE enthymesis and ectroma . Unhappy Aristotle! who invented for these men dialectics, the art of building up and pulling down; an art so evasive in its propositions, so far-fetched in its conjectures, so harsh, in its arguments, so productive of contentions, embarrassing even to itself, retracting everything, and really treating of nothing! Whence spring those "fables and endless genealogies," and "unprofitable questions," and "words which spread like a cancer?" From all these, when the apostle would restrain us, he expressly names philosophy as that which he would have us be on our guard against. Writing to The Colossians , he says, "See that no one beguile you through philosophy and vain deceit, after the tradition of men, and contrary to the wisdom of the Holy Ghost." He had been at Athens, and had in his interviews (with its philosophers) become acquainted with that human wisdom which pretends to know the truth, while it only corrupts it, and is itself divided into its own manifold heresies, by the variety of its mutually repugnant sects. What indeed has Athens to do with Jerusalem? What concord is there between the Academy and the Church? What between heretics and Christians? Our instruction comes from "the porch of Solomon," who had himself taught that "the Lord should be sought in simplicity of heart." Away with all attempts to produce a mottled Christianity of Stoic, Platonic, and dialectic composition! We want no curious disputation after possessing Christ Jesus, no inquisition after enjoying the gospel! With our faith, we desire no further belief. For this is our primary faith, that there is nothing which we ought to believe besides!

17. Tertullian - LoveToKnow 1911 tertullian (c. 155 c. 222), whose full name was Quintus Septimius Florens tertullianus, is the earliest and after Augustine the greatest of the ancient http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Tertullian

Tertullian From LoveToKnow 1911 TERTULLIAN c. 155 - c. 222), whose full name was Quintus Septimius Florens Tertullianus , is the earliest and after Augustine the greatest of the ancient church writers of the West. Before him the whole Christian literature in the Latin language consisted of a translation of the Bible , the Octavius of Minucius Felix (q.v.) - an apologetic treatise written in the Ciceronian style for the higher circles of society, and with no evident effect for the church as a whole, the brief Acts of the Scillitan martyrs , and a list of the books recognized as canonical (the so-called Muratorian fragment). Whether Victor the Roman bishop and Apollonius the Roman senator ever really made an appearance as Latin authors is quite uncertain. Tertullian in fact created Christian Latin literature; one might almost say that that literature sprang from him full-grown, alike in form and substance, as Athena from the head of Zeus . Cyprian polished the language that Tertullian had made, sifted the thoughts he had given out, rounded them off, and turned them into current coin , but he never ceased to be aware of his dependence on Tertullian, whom he designated as his master (Jer.

18. Tertullian-Perpetua And Her Companions - Sketches Of Church History tertullianPerpetua and her Companions - Sketches of Church History. http://bible.christiansunite.com/sch/sch01-06.shtml

Click here document.write(''); Subscribe to our Free Newsletter. Enter your email address: Search the Bible Use the: Authorized Version American Standard Bible in Basic English Darby Bible Webster Bible Young's Literal Trans. World English Bible Gen Exo Lev Num Deu Jos Jdg Rth Ezr Neh Est Job Psa Pro Ecl Sos Isa Jer Lam Eze Dan Hos Joe Amo Oba Jon Mic Nah Hab Zep Hag Zec Mal Mat Mrk Luk Joh Act Rom Gal Eph Php Col Tts Phm Heb Jms Jde Rev KJV ASV BBE DBY WEB YLT WOR Main Index History Sketches of Church History : Part 1, Chapter VI Chapter V Chapter Index Chapter VII Part 1 CHAPTER VI: TERTULLIAN; PERPETUA AND COMPANIONS (AD 181-206) The Emperor Marcus Aurelius died in 181, and the Church was little troubled by persecution for the following twenty years. In the meanwhile Perpetua and some of her companions were baptized; and at her baptism she prayed for grace to bear whatever sufferings might be in store for her. The prison in which she and the others were shut up was a horrible dungeon, where Perpetua suffered much from the darkness, the crowded state of the place, the heat and closeness of the air, and the rude behaviour of the guards. But most of all she was distressed about her poor little child, who was separated from her, and was pining away. Some kind Christians, however, gave money to the keepers of the prison, and got leave for Perpetua and her friends to spend some hours of the day in a lighter part of the building, where her child was brought to see her. And after a while she took him to be always with her, and then she felt as cheerful as if she had been in a palace.

19. Tertullian: Appendix tertullian. APPENDIX. AGAINST ALL HERESIES. TRANSLATED BY THE REV. S. THELWALL. CHAP. I.EARLIEST HERETICS SIMON MAGUS, MENANDER, SATURNINUS, http://www.webcom.com/gnosis/library/ter_appendix.htm

T HE G NOSTIC S OCIETY L IBRARY Tertullian: Appendix TERTULLIAN APPENDIX. AGAINST ALL HERESIES. [TRANSLATED BY THE REV. S. THELWALL.] CHAP. I.EARLIEST HERETICS: SIMON MAGUS, MENANDER, SATURNINUS, BASILIDES, NICOLAUS. [THE WORK BEGINS AS A FRAGMENT.] Of which heretics I will (to pass by a good deal) summarize some few particulars. For of Judaism's heretics I am silentDositheus the Samaritan, I mean, who was the first who had the hardihood to repudiate the prophets, on the ground that they had not spoken under inspiration of the Holy Spirit. Of the Sadducees I am silent, who, springing from the root of this error, had the hardihood to adjoin to this heresy the denial likewise of the resurrection of the flesh. The Pharisees I pretermit, who were "divided" from the Jews by their superimposing of certain additaments to the law, which fact likewise made them worthy of receiving this very name; and, together with them, the Herodians likewise, who said that Herod was Christ. To those I betake myself who have chosen to make the gospel the starting-point of their heresies. Of these the first of all is Simon Magus, who in the Acts of the Apostles earned a condign and just sentence from the Apostle Peter. He had the hardihood to call himself the Supreme Virtue, that is, the Supreme God; and moreover, (to assert) that the universe had been originated by his angels; that he had descended in quest of an erring daemon, which was Wisdom; that, in a phantasmal semblance of God, he had not suffered among the Jews, but was as if he had suffered.

20. General Audience, 30 May 2007 Today, we speak of an African, tertullian, who from the end of the second But tertullian, as every good apologist, at the same time sensed the need to http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/benedict_xvi/audiences/2007/documents/hf_ben-x

BENEDICT XVI GENERAL AUDIENCE St Peter's Square Wednesday, 30 May 2007 Tertullian Dear Brothers and Sisters, With today's Catechesis we return to the catechetical series we interrupted due to the Journey to Brazil and continue to speak of the ancient Church's great personalities. They are teachers of the faith also for us today and witnesses of the perennial timeliness of the Christian faith. Today, we speak of an African, Tertullian, who from the end of the second and beginning of the third century inaugurated Christian literature in the Latin language. He started the use of theology in Latin. His work brought decisive benefits which it would be unforgivable to underestimate. His influence covered different areas: linguistically, from the use of language and the recovery of classical culture, to singling out a common "Christian soul" in the world and in the formulation of new proposals of human coexistence. We do not know the exact dates of his birth and death. Instead, we know that at Carthage, toward the end of the second century, he received a solid education in rhetoric, philosophy, history and law from his pagan parents and tutors. He then converted to Christianity, attracted, so it seems, by the example of the Christian martyrs. He began to publish his most famous writings in 197. But a too individualistic search for the truth, together with his intransigent character - he was a rigorous man - gradually led him away from communion with the Church to belong to the Montanist sect. The originality of his thought, however, together with an incisive efficacy of language, assured him a high position in ancient Christian literature.

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