61. Cholera Killed Bird Found In Richardson Bay Feb 15, 2008 One of the birds found dead after millions of gallons of sewage was spilled into Richardson Bay died of avian cholera, a highly contagious http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2008/02/15/BAKRV2P02.DTL

62. WHO Reports 2,100 Cholera Cases In Iraq | Reuters GENEVA, Sept 25 (Reuters) More than 2100 people in Iraq have cholera which is spreading across the country, the World Health Organisation (WHO) said on http://uk.reuters.com/article/middleeastCrisis/idUKL2580746820070925

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63. Cholera Bronchitis from the most comprehensive global news network on the internet. International News and analysis on current events, business, finance, economy, http://www.wn.com/cholera

Photos Health Business Tech ... Feedback Search the World News Network Any Language Afrikaans Albanian Arabic Azerbaijani Bengali Bosnian Chinese Creole Croatian Czech Danish Dutch English Finnish Flemish French German Greek Gujarati Hausa Hindi Hungarian Indonesian Italian Japanese Korean Malay Nepali Norwegian Polish Portuguese Romanian Russian Serbian Slovak Somali Spanish Swahili Swedish Tagalog Thai Tamil Turkish Advanced Search Cholera Cholera News Coverage from thousands of sources around the world. Breaking News Wed, 28 May 2008 (photo: USAID/OFDA file) Cholera outbreak kills three in Kenya Independent online Cholera Disease Kenya Nairobi ... Photos (photo: public domain) Chad Darfur Photos Sudan ... Cholera outbreak kills three in Kenya Independent online Cholera kills three in Kenya Australian Broadcasting Corporation Epidemic prevention measures intensified China Daily Public Domain / Salmonella and Vibrio bacteria found on Abu Dhabi beaches Gulf News Disease Health Photos Science ... Society GFDL / Nlitement Grapes - a prized fruit Gulf Daily News Agriculture Food Fruit Photos ... Social AP / Kamran Jebreili Haj Health: Preventive Care to Be Enhanced Arab News Arab World Health Muslims Photos ... Saudi Arabia GFDL / Guaka Tutu tells UN to step up fight against disease in Africa Mail Guardian South Africa Africa Disease Health Human ... China says faces tough health job in quake region Scientific American China says faces tough health job in quake region San Diego Epidemic prevention a challenge in quake zone China Daily Global Poverty Middle East Online Conditions Ripe for Disease in Myanmar Delta ABC News

64. Hardships On The Oregon-Trail cholera Perhaps the biggest problem on the Trail was a mysterious and deadly cholera killed more emigrants than anything else. In a bad year, http://www.isu.edu/~trinmich/Hardships.html

Web This site Hardships Walking 2,000 miles barefootand that was the easy part River Crossings River crossings were a constant source of distress for the pioneers. Hundreds drowned trying to cross the Kansas, North Platte and Columbia Riversamong others. In 1850 alone, 37 people drowned trying to cross one particularly difficult riverthe Green. Emigrant John B. Hill: "The ferryman allowed too many passengers to get in the boat, and the water came within two inches of the gunwale. He ordered every man to stand steady as the boat was liable to swamp. When we were nearly across the edge of the boat dipped; I thought the boat would be swamped instantly and drowned the last one of us." Those who didn't drown were usually fleeced. The charge ranged up to 16 dollars; almost the price of an oxen. One ferry earned $65,000 in just one summer. The emigrants complained bitterly.

65. How The Cholera Bacterium Got Its Virulence BOSTONJune 28, 1996In 1993, as cholera swept through India, scientists were faced with a set of perplexing questions What caused the deadly Bengal http://www.hms.harvard.edu/news/releases/696cholera.html

Contact: Peta Gillyatt gillyatt@hms.harvard.edu How the Cholera Bacterium Got Its Virulence Harvard Researchers Find Cholera Bacterium May Take Instruction From a Virus BOSTONJune 28, 1996In 1993, as cholera swept through India, scientists were faced with a set of perplexing questions: What caused the deadly Bengal strain of cholera to reappear? Where did the deadly cholera pathogen come from in the first place? Scientists have known that the cholera bacterium (Vibrio cholera) owes its virulence to two factorsthe cholera toxin and another protein, TCP pili, which enables it to clump together and adhere to the intestines. But how the Vibrio cholera got those deadly factors has been a mystery. Two Harvard Medical School scientists have found a partial answer to the puzzle. It appears that the cholera pathogen responsible for the Indian epidemic (Vibrio cholera 01) picked up one of its most lethal patches of DNAthe gene coding for the cholera toxinfrom a virus, CTX phage. "Here you have this dumb bacteriumVibrio cholerae doesn't know how to become a pathogenand the virus instructs it by introducing the cholera gene into the bacterial genome. The virus is the smart player in the interaction," says John Mekalanos, Shipley Professor of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics. He and Matthew K. Waldor, research fellow in medicine, announced their findings in the June 28 issue of Science. The virus's first clever act is to select its students. It appears to introduce the gene for cholera toxin only into those bacteria that express the TCP pili protein.

66. John Snow Cholera Map Map by John Snow (19th Century British physician), map viewer by Matthew Bloch (21st Century grad student) http://maps.grammata.com/imageviewer/JohnSnowMap.html

Matthew Bloch web cartography John Snow's map of the 1854 London cholera outbreak (requires Flash). Bar-shaped symbols indicate cholera cases.

67. Cholera - LoveToKnow 1911 cholera (from the Gr. xoX i, bile, and j a , to flow), the name given to two distinct forms of disease, simple cholera and malignant cholera. http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Cholera

Cholera From LoveToKnow 1911 Medical warning! This article is from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica. Medical science has made many leaps forward since it has been written. This is not a site for medical advice, when you need information on a medical condition, consult a professional instead. CHOLERA (from the Gr. xoX i, bile, and j a', to flow), the name given to two distinct forms of disease, simple cholera and malignant cholera. Although essentially different both as to their causation and their pathological relationships, these two diseases may in individual cases present many symptoms of mutual resemblance. Simple Cholera (synonyms, Cholera Europaea, British Cholera, Summer or Autumnal Cholera ) is the cholera of ancient medical writers, as is apparent from the accurate description of the disease given by Hippocrates Celsus and Aretaeus . Its occurrence in an epidemic form was noticed by various physicians in the 16th century, and an admirable account of the disease was subsequently given by Thomas Sydenham in 1669-1672. This disease is sometimes called Cholera Nostras

68. Cholera - Blue Book: IDEAS - Victorian Government cholera (Group A disease) must be notified immediately by telephone or fax followed by written notification within five days. http://www.health.vic.gov.au/ideas/bluebook/cholera

Main A to Z Index Site Map Search Health About Health ... Contacts Related resources: Cholera Notifying cases of infectious diseases within Victoria - What to notify Cholera Page content: Victorian statutory requirement Infectious agent Identification Incubation period ... Additional sources of information Victorian statutory requirement Cholera (Group A disease) must be notified immediately by telephone or fax followed by written notification within five days. Cholera is subject to Australian quarantine. Infectious agent Vibrio cholerae serogroups O1 or O139 cause cholera. Note Most non-O1/O139 strains do not secrete enterotoxin but can cause sporadic disease. The term non-Vibrio cholera (NVC) refers to cases of cholera-like illness caused by organisms other than the 01 or 0139 Vibrio species. These infections are not notifiable. Identification Clinical features In severe cases disease is characterised by a sudden onset of symptoms with profuse painless watery (rice water) stools, occasional vomiting, rapid dehydration, acidosis and circulatory collapse. In untreated cases, death may occur in a few hours and the case fatality rate may exceed 50%. Method of diagnosis Incubation period The incubation period is from a few hours to five days. It is usually two to three days.

69. PLoS Medicine - Controlling Endemic Cholera With Oral Vaccines Although advances in rehydration therapy have made cholera a treatable disease with low casefatality in settings with appropriate medical care, http://medicine.plosjournals.org/perlserv/?request=get-document&doi=10.1371/jour

70. Cholera cholera is an acute illness characterized by watery diarrhea. The toxin released by the bacteria causes increased secretion of water and chloride ions in http://www.healthscout.com/ency/1/000303.html

loadcss('http://www.healthcentral.com/common/styles/ie/ie_healthscout_smallsearchbox.css', 'http://www.healthcentral.com/common/styles/nn/nn_healthscout_smallsearchbox.css'); Search Web Site Medline Get our free newsletter Special Offers TV Specials Learn about an Effective Alzheimer's Medication Bipolar Education Health Center Heart Valve Disease Health Center Osteoarthritis of the Knee Solution Center ... Schizophrenia Education Center Top Features Depression Schizophrenia Breast Cancer Bipolar Resources Healthscout News 3D Health Animations Health Videos Health Encyclopedia ... Drug Library Find a Therapist Enter City or Zip Code: Powered by Psychology Today PR Newswire Read latest Channels Home Today Women Men ... Drug Checker Medical Health Encyclopedia Cholera From Healthscout's partner site on acid reflux , AcidRefluxConnection.com SYMPTOMS: Learn about the symptoms of acid reflux disease DRUGS: Common medications used to treat heartburn TREATMENT: Lifestyle changes, medication, and surgeryoptions Injury ... Prevention Cholera Definition: Cholera is an infection of the small intestine caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae . It causes a large amount of watery diarrhea. Alternative Names: V. cholerae; Vibrio

71. Cholera --  Britannica Online Encyclopedia Britannica online encyclopedia article on cholera an acute infection of the small intestine caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae and characterized by http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9082306/cholera

var britAdCategory = "other"; Already a member? LOGIN Encyclopædia Britannica - the Online Encyclopedia Home Blog Advocacy Board ... Free Trial Britannica Online Content Related to this Topic This Article's Table of Contents Introduction The cholera bacterium and toxin Symptoms and treatment Prevention Cholera through history ... Print this Table of Contents Shopping New! Britannica Book of the Year The Ultimate Review of 2007. 2007 Britannica Encyclopedia Set (32-Volume Set) Revised, updated, and still unrivaled. New! Britannica 2008 Ultimate DVD/CD-ROM The world's premier software reference source. cholera Page 1 of 7 an acute infection of the small intestine caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae and characterized by extreme diarrhea with rapid and severe depletion of body fluids and salts. Cholera has often risen to epidemic cholera... (75 of 13559 words) To read the full article, activate your FREE Trial Close Enable free complete viewings of Britannica premium articles when linked from your website or blog-post. Now readers of your website, blog-post, or any other web content can enjoy full access to this article on cholera , or any Britannica premium article for free, even those readers without a premium membership. Just copy the HTML code fragment provided below to create the link and then paste it within your web content. For more details about this feature, visit our

72. Notifiable Condition: Cholera During 1990–2007, only three reports of toxigenic V. cholerae infection have been received at DOH, two in 1992, one in 2002. These cases were associated http://www.doh.wa.gov/notify/nc/cholera.htm

You are here: DOH Home Notifiable Conditions » Cholera Index Search Employees Site Directory: Notifiable Conditions: Cholera Other links concerning Notifiable Conditions Local Health Jurisdictions How to Report a Notifiable Condition Reporting Forms Guidelines ... EpiTrends Posters (PDF, 645KB) (PDF, 529KB) (PDF, 314KB) (PDF, 117KB) (PDF, 129KB) Associated Programs Communicable Disease Epidemiology WEDSS (Washington Electronic Disease Surveillance System) PDF documents require the free Acrobat Reader. Click here to download a copy Cholera Cholera in Washington State During 1990–2007, only three reports of toxigenic V. cholerae infection have been received at DOH, two in 1992, one in 2002. These cases were associated with travel outside the United States. Cases are most often associated with travel as cholera is not endemic to Washington. Purpose of Reporting and Surveillance To identify persons infected with Vibrio cholerae and to prevent transmission from such individuals.

73. Cholera Spreads In Iraq As Health Services Collapse - Middle East, World - The I Aug 31, 2007 My two children, husband and mother have been affected by cholera because we weren t able to get purified water and one of my children is http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/cholera-spreads-in-iraq-as-h

var contextSectionId = '1142'; var contextName = 'independent_www_news_world'; // tc_log_path = "/javascript/sophus3"; tc_log_path = "http://www.independent.co.uk/independent.co.uk/javascript/newSophus"; Skip Links Skip to navigation Skip to primary content Skip to secondary content Skip to tertiary content ... : The fall of the web's most glamorous blogger World London Search Query: Go Headlines Click here to watch and listen Click here... Navigation News UK Home News UK Politics ... Middle East var articleheadline = "Cholera spreads in Iraq as health services collapse"; Cholera spreads in Iraq as health services collapse By Patrick Cockburn Friday, 31 August 2007 Print Email Search Search Go Independent.co.uk Web Digg It del.icio.us Facebook Stumbleupon ... What are these? Lack of clean drinking water and poor sanitation has led to 5,000 people in northern Iraq contracting cholera. The outbreak is among the most serious signs yet that Iraqi health and social services are breaking down as the number of those living in camps and poor housing increases after people flee their homes. "The disease is spreading very fast," Dr Juan Abdallah, a senior official in Kurdistan's health ministry, told a UN agency. "It is the first outbreak of its kind here in the past few decades."

74. Krunal Cholera - Homepage Seeks employment in networking and/or web design. Experienced in Pascal, C programming, VERILOG, UNIX, Assembly Language 8085, 8086, and 80386. http://astro.temple.edu/~krunal/

Skip Flash Intro Krunal Cholera Skip Flash Intro Krunal Cholera

75. VietNamNet - Cholera Returns! A doctor from the hospital said the first two acute diarrhea patients arrived on March 7 and tests were returned positive for cholera. http://english.vietnamnet.vn/social/2008/03/773373/

document.all('IDM_Category_'.concat(1861)).style.display=''; Cholera returns! 11:46' 14/03/2008 (GMT+7) VietNamNet Bridge – Twenty acute diarrhea patients were hospitalized at the National Hospital for Infectious and Tropical Diseases last week and seven tested positive for cholera. All the cases seem to be sourced to vegetables. A doctor from the hospital said the first two acute diarrhea patients arrived on March 7 and tests were returned positive for cholera. The hospital received several more acute diarrhea patients, 2-5 cases per day, including pregnant women. The total number of cholera patients is now seven, including one who received the cholera vaccine before the lunar New Year. All of the patients are from Hanoi, mainly in the districts of Thanh Tri and Hoang Mai. All of them ate salad and some ate dog meat and shrimp paste. The Health Ministry on March 13 told residents to be vigilant against fresh food. The return of cholera was expected by the Health Ministry. After announcing the end of the cholera epidemic in late 2007, Deputy Minister Trinh Quan Huan warned that the disease might return in Spring – Summer 2008. Just two weeks later, 17 acute diarrhea cases were recorded in six districts of Hanoi. Acute diarrhea attacked 2,000 in 17 Northern provinces since October 23, 2007, including 300 that tested positive for cholera. To prevent the return of this disease, the Health Ministry provided free of charge cholera vaccinations to people in Hoang Mai and Thanh Xuan districts, which had the highest number of patients. However, the vaccine’s rate of success is only 70%.

76. Cholera Two months after Buffalo is incorporated as a city, a cholera epidemic breaks out in June of 1832. City spokesmen (among them the physician and first mayor http://www4.bfn.org/bah/h/chol.html

Cholera Epidemics in Buffalo, NY Table of Contents: Summary Excerpt: John W. Percy, The Erie Canal From Lockport to Buffalo From MedicineNet.com Summary T wo months after Buffalo is incorporated as a city, a cholera epidemic breaks out in June of 1832. City spokesmen (among them the physician and first mayor of Buffalo, Dr. Ebenezer Johnson ) say it is caused by Irish immigrants in Quebec who had brought the dread disease with them from the old country. The Common Council's first action is to quarantine the city. All traffic - lake and canal boats, stages and coaches - is stopped immediately. A man might be in apparent good health in the morning and in his grave the same night. The death carts patrol the streets, and when there is an indication of a death in a house , the driver would shout, "Bring out your dead." Bodies are not permitted to remain unburied over an hour or two, if it is possible to obtain carriers or a sexton to bury them. By July, over 120 Buffalonians die from the epidemic. Another epidemic will occur in 1849, when nearly 900 people of the recorded 3,000 cases die, and the worst in 1854.

77. Health 24 - News, Malaria, Cholera, Parasites Malaria, cholera, Parasites Medications/Medicines Malaria, cholera, Parasites. You are in Health24 News Malaria, cholera, Parasites http://www.health24.com/news/Malaria/1-925.asp

var True = true; var False = false; Advertisement 24.com sites Entertainment Kalahari.net Mobile 24.com services Albums Answerit Blogs Classifieds Mail Messenger Play SA Web World News Directories Look after your gums Gum disease is bad enough. Now, to make matters worse, it’s been linked to cancer. Why looking young matters It’s sad, but it’s a fact: others judge you by your looks. Can you win at this game? TERMS GET A DAILY HEALTH TIP MAKE HEALTH24 YOUR HOMEPAGE NEWS MEDICAL SCHEMES DIET FITNESS NATURAL MAN WOMAN SEX PREGNANCY CHILD TEEN SUN FOCUS CENTRES MEDS ORAL PET MIND GRAPHICS VIDEOS ANTI-AGEING CELEBRITIES WIN TOOLS EXPERTS TALK FIND function topNav(onoff) if onoff = 1 then if window.event.srcElement.classname = "top_nav_on" then window.event.srcElement.classname = "top_nav" else window.event.srcElement.classname = "top_nav_on" end if else if window.event.srcElement.classname = "top_nav_on" then window.event.srcElement.classname = "top_nav" else window.event.srcElement.classname = "top_nav_on" end if end if end function News Man Events 2008 Olympics ... Ear, nose and throat

78. Texas Department Of State Health Services, Infectious Disease Control Unit > Vibrio Infections cholerae. em Vibrio cholerae /em , Vibrio cholerae ICD9 001; ICD-10 A00, Back to Vibrio Infections http://www.dshs.state.tx.us/idcu/disease/vibrio/cholerae/

Vibrio cholerae @import url(/css/hhss.css); /*IE and NN6x styles */ @import url("/idcu/style/styles.css"); @import url(/css/sidenavexpand.css); skip to: page content sidebar navigation header navigation footer navigation ... Jobs Related DSHS Sites Community Preparedness Section Regional Epidemiological Response Teams Immunization Branch Laboratory Services Section ... Cholerae Vibrio cholerae Vibrio cholerae Vibrio Cholerae ICD-9 001; ICD-10 A00 Back to Vibrio Infections Fact Sheet FAQs Other Sites Last Updated: Saturday, October 01, 2005 Texas Department of State Health Services - Infectious Disease Control Unit 1100 West 49th Street, Suite T801, Mail Code: 1960 PO BOX 149347 - Austin, TX 78714-9347 (512) 458-7676 - Fax: (512) 458-7616 - Topics A-Z / Site Map Contact Us Compact with Texans Homeland Security ... Texas Online

79. Cholera Outbreak Highlights Iraq's Plight, Disease Strikes Thousands, Shows How Oct 5, 2007 A recent and growing cholera outbreak in Iraq shows just how crippled many of the country s basic services have become thanks to the http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/10/05/iraq/main3333772.shtml

var docClickLoader = new RemoteFileLoader('docClickLoader'); var countsLoader = new RemoteFileLoader('countsLoader'); var pagenumberflag = 0; var mp_id = 0; var storyidflag = 3333772; var bucket = storyidflag%10; var maxnumberofcomments = 100; CBS News CBS Evening News The Early Show 48 Hours Mystery ... Get Widgets document.write(''); Advertisement Search CBS News The Web Tips Home World Iraq After Saddam Cholera Outbreak Highlights Iraq's Plight Disease Strikes Thousands, Shows How Sectarian Strife Cripples Basic Services var loadAreaId = 'loadArea'+3333772; var storyidflag = '3333772'; countsLoader.loadcounts(loadAreaId, storyidflag, '10/05/2007 10:17:10 EDT'); BAGHDAD, Oct. 5, 2007 addthis_pub = 'mprosellini'; addthis_logo = 'http://wwwimage.cbsnews.com/common/images/v3/logo_cbsnews.gif'; addthis_logo_background = 'FFFFFF'; addthis_logo_color = '336699'; addthis_brand = 'CBSNews.com'; addthis_options = 'favorites, digg, delicious, live, technorati, newsvine, google, facebook, myweb, myspace, more'; addthis_caption_share = 'Bookmark / Share'; addthis_caption_email = 'Tell a Friend'; addthis_offset_top = 3; addthis_offset_left = 0; E-Mail Story Print Story Sphere Share Text Size: A A A Majida Hamid Ibrahim, 40, the first confirmed case of Cholera in the Iraqi capital, is seen in al-Sadr hospital in the Shiite neighborhood of Sadr City in Baghdad, Iraq in this Friday, Sept. 20, 2007, file photo.

80. National Institute Of Cholera And Enteric Diseases Involved in research in molecular epidemiology, biochemistry and molecular biology and microbiology, virology and parasitology. http://www.icmr.nic.in/niced.htm

National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases Institute Profile History Thrust areas of research Staff/ Departmental structure Objectives ... Home History Back Home Objectives a. To conduct biomedical and operational research in diarrhoeal diseases with the ultimate goal of developing appropriate strategies for their control. b. To disseminate research information through training as well as to develop teaching modules and methodologies for training of the health care personnel at different levels. c. To provide referral services and to extend support to the National Diarrhoeal Disease Control Programme. d. To provide research information and expertise for tackling National emergencies caused by epidemics of cholera and other diarrhoeal diseases. e. To conduct research in HIV/AIDS Back Home Thrust Areas of Research a. Community studies and epidemiological investigation. b. Molecular epidemiology. c. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. d. Clinical research. e. Microbiology, Virology and Parasitology. f. Immunology g.

A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O  P  Q  R  S  T  U  V  W  X  Y  Z

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