1. Fingerprinting People have noticed subtle differences in fingerprint patterns for centuries. The following websites illustrate this history. Browse the sites listed and http://www.cyberbee.com/whodunnit/fp.html

History Taking Prints Classifying Prints Dusting People have noticed subtle differences in fingerprint patterns for centuries. The following websites illustrate this history. Browse the sites listed and answer these questions. What is Dactyloscopy? Why were fingerprints used in Ancient Babylon? When and why were fingerprints first used in the United States? In which country were fingerprints used to identify a woman who murdered her two sons? Which state in the United States first used fingerprints for criminals? What famous criminal case made fingerprinting the standard for personal identification? How many methods are there for taking fingerprints? How do we classify fingerprints? Download Questions History of Fingerprints Fingerprinting: A Lesson in Classification Fingerprinting Identification ... Resources Linda C. Joseph and Linda D. Resch Home

2. The History Of Fingerprints Site dedicated to Fingerprints and fingerprinting, Latent Print Examination, finger print, finger prints, palmprint, palm prints, AFIS automated http://onin.com/fp/fphistory.html

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS - HELP WITH HOMEWORK WEBSERVANT FINGERPRINT EXAMINATION The History of Fingerprints Updated 18 May 2008 Why Fingerprint Identification? Fingerprints offer an infallible means of personal identification. That is the essential explanation for their having supplanted other methods of establishing the identities of criminals reluctant to admit previous arrests. The science of fingerprint Identification stands out among all other forensic sciences for many reasons, including the following: Has served all governments worldwide during the past 100 years to provide accurate identification of criminals. No two fingerprints have ever been found alike in many billions of human and automated computer comparisons. Fingerprints are the very basis for criminal history foundation at every police agency. Established the first forensic professional organization, the International Association for Identification (IAI), in 1915. Established the first professional certification program for forensic scientists, the IAI's Certified Latent Print Examiner program (in 1977), issuing certification to those meeting stringent criteria and revoking certification for serious errors such as erroneous identifications. Remains the most commonly used forensic evidence worldwide - in most jurisdictions fingerprint examination cases match or outnumber all other forensic examination casework combined.

3. Fingerprinting: A Lesson On Classification The patterns of ridges on our finger pads are unique no two individuals—even identical twins—have fingerprints that are exactly alike. http://www.reachoutmichigan.org/funexperiments/agesubject/lessons/prints.html

Fingerprinting: A Lesson on Classification This lesson developed by Reach Out! Recommended Age Groups: Later Elementary or Middle School Guiding Question: Can we invent a way to classify fingerprints? Objectives Concepts: Many areas of scientific study involve the collection of large amounts of data. Such data must be organized in order to be useful. Even the youngest scientists can invent useful systems of classification. Facts: The prints can be visible , as when our fingers are dirty or oily, or they can be latent , as when they are made only by the sweat that is always present on our finger ridges. Injuries such as burns or scrapes will not change the ridge structure: when new skin grows in, the same pattern will come back. Dactyloscopy is the practice of using fingerprints to identify someone. Principles: Fingerprints can be classified by pattern types, by the size of those patterns, and by the position of the patterns on the finger. Skills: Observing Comparing and contrasting Classifying Materials: 3x5-inch index cards, at least two per participant

4. Basics Of Dna Fingerprinting www.biology.washington.edu/fingerprint/dnaintro.html 1k - Cached - Similar pages fingerprinting ClearanceNew York State law requires that the Office of School Personnel Review and Accountability conduct fingerprint supported criminal history background checks http://www.biology.washington.edu/fingerprint/dnaintro.html

5. Fingerprinting History History of fingerprinting and how it has developed into an infallible means of personal identification. http://www.aladdinusa.com/documentationservices/fingerhistory.htm

Fingerprinting History Pre-historic picture writing of a hand with ridge patterns was discovered in Nova Scotia. In ancient Babylon, fingerprints were used on clay tablets for business transactions. In ancient China, thumb prints were found on clay seals. In 14th century Persia, various official government papers had fingerprints (impressions), and one government official, a doctor, observed that no two fingerprints were exactly alike. Marcello Malpighi - 1686 In 1686, Marcello Malpighi, a professor of anatomy at the University of Bologna, noted in his treatise; ridges, spirals and loops in fingerprints. He made no mention of their value as a tool for individual identification. A layer of skin was named after him; "Malpighi" layer, which is approximately 1.8mm thick. John Evangelist Purkinji - 1823 In 1823, John Evangelist Purkinji, a professor of anatomy at the University of Breslau, published his thesis discussing 9 fingerprint patterns, but he too made no mention of the value of fingerprints for personal identification. Sir William Hershel - 1856 The English first began using fingerprints in July of 1858, when Sir William Herschel, Chief Magistrate of the Hooghly district in Jungipoor, India, first used fingerprints on native contracts. On a whim, and with no thought toward personal identification, Herschel had Rajyadhar Konai, a local businessman, impress his hand print on the back of a contract.

6. LHS GEMS, Fingerprinting We ve all got em, and yet they distinguish us from one another so that fingerprints were sometimes all that kept Joe out of prison for the theft Tom http://www.lawrencehallofscience.org/gems/GEM180.html

Fingerprinting Written by Jeremy John Ahouse and Jacqueline Barber We've all got 'em, and yet they distinguish us from one another so that fingerprints were sometimes all that kept Joe out of prison for the theft Tom committed. Even with sophisticated DNA testing and other identification techniques, fingerprinting remains an intriguing and reliable method. Students love the ideaand that's the inspiration for this guide. In these "fingers-on" activities, students explore the similarities and variations of fingerprints. They take their own fingerprints (using pencil and transparent tape), devise their own classification categories, and apply their classification skills to solve a crime. The mystery scenario, Who Robbed the Safe?, includes plot and character sketches; we also encourage teachers to create characters and plots to develop their own mysteries. Makes a good "partner in crime" to Crime Lab Chemistry and an excellent preparatory activity for Mystery Festival See the Fingerprinting online orientation video.

7. DNA Fingerprinting In Human Health And Society Like the fingerprints that came into use by detectives and police labs during the 1930s, each person has a unique DNA fingerprint. http://www.accessexcellence.org/AB/BA/DNA_Fingerprinting_Basics.html

-Advertisement- About AE About NHM Contact Us Site Map ... Advertising Policy Search AE Search AE Activities to Go DNA Fingerprinting in Human Health and Society Written by David F. Betsch, Ph.D., Biotechnology Training Programs, Inc. Edited by Glenda D. Webber, Iowa State University Office of Biotechnology. Issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extension work, Acts of Congress of May 8 and June 30, 1914, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture and Cooperative Extension Services of Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin. June, 1994 Like the fingerprints that came into use by detectives and police labs during the 1930s, each person has a unique DNA fingerprint. Unlike a conventional fingerprint that occurs only on the fingertips and can be altered by surgery, a DNA fingerprint is the same for every cell, tissue, and organ of a person. It cannot be altered by any known treatment. Consequently, DNA fingerprinting is rapidly becoming the primary method for identifying and distinguishing among individual human beings. An additional application of DNA fingerprint technology is the diagnosis of inherited disorders in adults, children, and unborn babies. The technology is so powerful that, for example, even the blood-stained clothing of Abraham Lincoln could be analyzed for evidence of a genetic disorder called Marfan's Syndrome.

8. NOVA Online | Killer's Trail | Create A DNA Fingerprint That DNA is unique from person to person but the same from cell to cell in one person can be a handy thing, especially when it comes to DNA fingerprinting. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/sheppard/analyze.html

var gaJsHost = (("https:" == document.location.protocol) ? "https://ssl." : "http://www."); document.write(unescape("%3Cscript src='" + gaJsHost + "google-analytics.com/ga.js' type='text/javascript'%3E%3C/script%3E")); Create a DNA Fingerprint by Rick Groleau DNA. It's what makes you unique. It's the stuff that tells each and every one of your body's 10 trillion cells what it's supposed to be and what it's supposed to do. And although your DNA is different from that of every other person in the world unless you have an identical twin it's the same in every cell that makes up your body. That DNA is unique from person to person but the same from cell to cell in one person can be a handy thing, especially when it comes to DNA fingerprinting. DNA fingerprints can be used for anything from determining a biological mother or father to identifying the suspect of a crime. And, as may someday prove to be the case with Sam Sheppard, it can be used to clear someone's name. But what exactly is a DNA fingerprint? Well, it certainly isn't an inky impression of a DNA strand. Compared to unimaginably small DNA, a fingerprint is HUGE. So what is it that we're looking at, and how is one of these fingerprints made? Here's your chance to find out. You'll find out by solving a mystery a crime of sorts. Solving the mystery involves creating a DNA fingerprint (we'll supply the lab and all necessary materials) and comparing this fingerprint to those of the suspects.

9. Fingerprint Information, Types Of Fingerprints And Fingerprinting History fingerprinting history, fingerprint information and types of fingerprints. http://www.safety-identification-products.com/fingerprint-information.html

Fingerprint Information, Types of Fingerprints and Fingerprinting History View our fingerprint ink strips here CDs and Discs Identification Kits Child ID Cards ... Free Information Fingerprint Types, History of Fingerprinting Home Fingerprint Information Types Of Fingerprints Accidental Central Pocket Loop Double Loop Loop Plain Arch Plain Whorl Tented Arch Fingerprinting History Fingerprinting History courtesy of: - www.aladdinusa.com Prehistoric picture writing of a hand with ridge patterns was discovered in Nova Scotia. In ancient Babylon, fingerprints were used on clay tablets for business transactions. In ancient China, thumb prints were found on clay seals. In 14th century Persia, various official government papers had fingerprints (impressions), and one government official, a doctor, observed that no two fingerprints were exactly alike. Marcello Malpighi - 1686 In 1686, Marcello Malpighi, a professor of anatomy at the University of Bologna, noted in his treatise; ridges, spirals and loops in fingerprints. He made no mention of their value as a tool for individual identification. A layer of skin was named after him; "Malpighi" layer, which is approximately 1.8mm thick.

10. Brain Fingerprinting - Home Technology for crime investigation using to detect P300 brain wave responses to familiar sights by a suspect, by developer Dr. Larry Farwell. http://www.brainwavescience.com/

Home Counterterrorism Criminal Justice Medical Advertising ... Senator Charles Grassley "It seems to me that if we are interested in making sure that the innocent go free, and that the guilty are punished, any technological instrument that can help us make a determination of guilt or innocence, we ought to know about it." Dr. Drew Richardson, the former Chief of the FBI’s counterterrorism unit, has joined Brain Fingerprinting Laboratories as Vice President of Forensic Operations

11. Fingerprinting In earning the fingerprinting merit badge, Scouts will learn about and use an important technique that is used by law enforcement officers, along http://www.scouting.org/boyscouts/advancementandawards/meritbadges/mb-FING.aspx

HOME LOCAL COUNCILS MYSCOUTING JOIN SCOUTING SUPPORT SCOUTING ... Information Center Print Subscribe Email Youth Adult Leaders Introduction to Merit Badges Guide for Merit Badge Counselors ... Introduction to Merit Badges Fingerprinting Fingerprinting Fingerprinting BSA Supply No. 33287 In earning the Fingerprinting merit badge, Scouts will learn about and use an important technique that is used by law enforcement officers, along with other materials like matching dental records and DNA sampling, to help identify amnesia victims, missing persons, abducted children, and others. Requirements Give a short history of fingerprinting. Tell the difference between civil and criminal identification. Explain the difference between the automated fingerprint identification systems (AFIS) now used by some law enforcement agencies and the biometric fingerprint systems used to control access to places like buildings, airports, and computer rooms. Do the following: Name the surfaces of the body where friction or papillary ridges are found. Name the two basic principles supporting the science of fingerprints and give a brief explanation of each principle.

12. CAIDA : Publications : Papers : 2005 : Fingerprinting Abstract for Remote physical device fingerprinting . Primary author Yoshi Kohno is a PhD student at the UCSD Computer Science and Engineering department, http://www.caida.org/outreach/papers/2005/fingerprinting/

HOME RESEARCH DATA TOOLS ... papers : : fingerprinting visit contact search: Remote physical device fingerprinting Abstract for "Remote physical device fingerprinting". Primary author Yoshi Kohno is a PhD student at the UCSD Computer Science and Engineering department, working in collaboration with Andre Broido and kc claffy at the Cooperative Association for Internet Data Analysis (CAIDA) based at the San Diego Supercomputer Center. Presented at the IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy, May 8-11, 2005, winning one of three "highest rated paper awards". View full paper: PDF Remote physical device fingerprinting Presented at the IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy, May 8-11, 2005 Tadayoshi Kohno Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of California, San Diego Andre Broido and kc claffy Cooperative Association for Internet Data Analysis - CAIDA San Diego Supercomputer Center, University of California, San Diego View full paper: PDF Cooperative Association for Internet Data Analysis (CAIDA) Last Modified: Thurs Mar-2-2006 23:25:12 PDT Maintained by: Alex Ma Page URL: http://www.caida.org/publications/papers/2005/fingerprinting/index.xml

13. Fingerprinting Merit Badge Boy Scout Merit Badge Requirements. BADGE fingerprinting. http://www.meritbadge.com/mb/049.htm

14. Fingerprinting www.informe.org/cgibin/doe/fingerprint.pl - Similar pages Fingerprint America - Customized Child Identification Self-contained fingerprinting and identification kits. http://www.informe.org/cgi-bin/doe/fingerprint.pl

15. Heathrow Airport First To Fingerprint - Telegraph Millions of British airline passengers face mandatory fingerprinting before being allowed to board flights when Heathrow’s Terminal 5 opens later this month http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2008/03/07/nheathrow107.xml

16. OSPI Office Of Professional Practices Digital technology centralizes fingerprinting for employment or Take a virtual tour through the Fingerprint Records site — click through the links to http://www.k12.wa.us/ProfPractices/fingerprint/default.aspx

Investigations Overview Current Disciplinary Actions Forms FAQ ... Code of Professional Conduct Fingerprint Records About Fingerprint Records Fingerprinting FAQ ESD Locations Alternatives ... Private Sch. Applicants Administrative Resource Services Overview Common School Manual Rules Process Customer Service/Complaints ... Resources and Links For information about: Professional Practices Investigations Fingerprint Records Administrative Resource Services opp@k12.wa.us About Fingerprint Records Digital technology centralizes fingerprinting for employment or certification applicants If you are planning to apply for a Washington State teaching certificate or employment at any K-12 public school, visit your Educational Service District (ESD) office first. Digital (live scan) fingerprint machines are available in all nine ESD offices. Live scan technology takes high-quality prints by scanning the fingers of both hands and creating a digital image. The electronic scanner is easy to use and eliminates the need to ink your fingerprints onto a special card. The addition of digital technology to the fingerprint process means no mail, no extra trips, and no waits. Digital fingerprinting streamlines a key step in the background check process, and with machines located in each ESD, we anticipate that teaching and certification applicants will find the fingerprint experience simpler, faster, and more convenient.

17. Passive Fingerprinting Passive fingerprinting is a method to learn more about the enemy, without them knowing it. Specifically, you can determine the operating system and other http://www.honeynet.org/papers/finger/

Know Your Enemy: Passive Fingerprinting Identifying remote hosts, without them knowing Honeynet Project http://project.honeynet.org Last Modified: 04 March, 2002 One of the challenges of network security is learning about the bad guys. To understand your threats and better protect against them, you have to Know Your Enemy . Passive Fingerprinting is a method to learn more about the enemy, without them knowing it. Specifically, you can determine the operating system and other characteristics of the remote host using nothing more then sniffer traces. Though not 100% accurate, you can get surprisingly good results. The subterrain crew has developed siphon , a passive network and system mapping and OS fingerprinting tool. Also, Michael Zalewski (Poland's finest) and Bill Stearns are maintaining . Both of these tools demonstrate the functionality we are about to discuss. Fingerprinting Traditionally, Operating System fingerprinting has been done using active tools, such as queso or nmap. These tools operate on the principle that every operating system's IP stack has its own idiosyncrasies. Specifically, each operating system responds differently to a variety of malformed packets. All one has to do is build a database on how different operating systems respond to different packets. Then, to determine the operating system of a remote host, send it a variety of malformed packets, determine how it responds, then compare these responses to a database. Fyodor's nmap is tool of choice when using this methodology. He has also written a

18. Basics Of DNA Fingerprinting This topic is especially pertinent in today s society because of the rising use of DNA fingerprinting as evidence in court cases. http://protist.biology.washington.edu/fingerprint/dnaintro.html

Basics of DNA Fingerprinting By Kate Brinton and Kim-An Lieberman This page was created as a class project at the University of Washington to provide to the Internet basic information on the structure and function of DNA as it relates to DNA fingerprinting. This topic is especially pertinent in today's society because of the rising use of DNA fingerprinting as evidence in court cases. CONTENTS: DNA 101 - What is it? What is DNA Fingerprinting? How is DNA Fingerprinting done? What are the applications of DNA Fingerprinting? ... Glossary Thanks to Professor William Moody and Dr. John Medina. This web site was a class project, written in May of 1994. We are not DNA experts; this site represents the sum of our knowledge on the subject. We welcome comments but please do not ask us for further help or information (we have none to offer). Email comments to:

19. Fingerprinting Port80 Attacks: A Look Into Web Server, And Web Application Attac This section has examples of more common fingerprints used in exploitation of both web applications, and web servers. This section is not supposed to show http://www.cgisecurity.com/papers/fingerprint-port80.txt

Sponsored advertisement. News Web Server Security Phishing Database Security ... Papers TOPIC'S Advertising Old News About Resume ... Syndicated News Hosting generously provided by www.mv.com Pick Your Language Choose Spanish English French German Italian Cgisecurity.com: Fingerprinting Port80 Attacks: A look into web server, and web application attack signatures: Part Two Contents I. Introduction II. More Common Fingerprints - A. " * " Requests - B. " ~ " Requests - C. " ' " Requests - D. - E. - F. " + " Requests III. More Advanced Fingerprints - A. Lots of / - B. autoexec.bat - C. root.exe - D. nobody.cgi - E. NT Logs - F. NT Password Files - G. Novell Filesystems IV. Cross Site Scripting examples - A. Example 1 - B. Example 2 - C. Example 3 V. Modified Headers - A. Example 1 - B. Example 2 VI. More Encoding - A. Hex - B. Unicode - C. %u Encoding VII. Web Server Codes and Logging - A. 403 Code - B. 404 Code - C. 500 Code - D. Htaccess - E. Extended logging options with apache VIII. Conclusion IX. References I. Introduction: Port 80 is the standard port for websites, and it can have a lot of different security issues. These holes can allow an attacker to gain either administrative access to the website, or even the web server itself. This second paper was written to help the average administrator and developer to have a better understanding of the types of threats that exist, along with how to detect them. II.

20. Fingerprinting P2P Pirates - CNET News.com fingerprinting P2P pirates MP3 monitoring now being done at the University of Wyoming, with technology from Audible Magic, could open a new front in the http://www.news.com/2100-1023-985027.html

Fingerprinting P2P pirates By John Borland Staff Writer, CNET News.com Published: February 20, 2003 4:00 AM PST Tools Talkback Print E-mail Share ... Facebook Related Stories Kazaa strikes back at Hollywood, labels January 27, 2003 Judge: Kazaa can be sued in U.S. January 10, 2003 Studios, RIAA warn CEOs on file trading October 24, 2002 Hollywood chases down campus pirates October 10, 2002 Court: Napster filters must be foolproof July 12, 2001 For months, the digital equivalent of a postal censor has been sorting through virtually all file-swapping traffic on the University of Wyoming's network, quietly noting every trade of an Eminem song or "Friends" episode. Read more about file swapping The technology, provided by Los Gatos, Calif., company Audible Magic , isn't yet blocking individual file trades. But that's the next step. As the company begins testing its service with more universities, corporations and small Internet service providers during next few weeks and months, this peer-to-peer monitoring and blocking technology threatens to open the next front in the online piracy wars. With the capacity to look inside every bit of data that flows over a networkwhether it's part of a song being illegally traded or a personal e-mailthis new generation of antipiracy technology is sure to prove controversial. But some administrators at universities and corporationsdeluged by peer-to-peer traffic that continues to overwhelm their networkssay they're ready for this sweeping step.

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