41. BUBL LINK: Jainism Subjects alternative religions, baha i faith, buddhism, christianity, hinduism, islam, jainism, judaism, religion, sikhism, taoism, zoroastrianism http://bubl.ac.uk/link/j/jainism.htm

BUBL LINK Catalogue of Internet Resources Home Search Subject Menus Countries ... Z Jainism Titles Descriptions Academic Info: Religion Gateway Essence of Jainism Internet Sacred Text Archive Jain History: An Outline ... WWW Virtual Library: Religion Comments: bubl@bubl.ac.uk Academic Info: Religion Gateway An index of resources for religious studies. Includes Christianity, Islam, Judaism, Gnostic and Coptic Studies, eastern religions, and Native American religions. Author: Madin, Mike Subjects: buddhism, christianity, eastern philosophy, hinduism, islam, jainism, religious education, sikhism, taoism DeweyClass: Resource type: index Essence of Jainism Collection of original texts with translations into English, Gujarati, and Hindi. Information provided covers the principles of Jainism, Jain conduct, and Samaysaar. Author: Shah, Rajesh Subjects: jainism DeweyClass: Resource type: documents Internet Sacred Text Archive Collection of primary texts relating to Ancient, eastern and western religion and mythology, covering Shintoism, Hinduism, I Ching, Taoism, Confucianism, Buddhism, Sikhism, Jainism, Judaism, Mormonism, Bahai'i, Islam, Zoroastrianism, and esoteric, occult, and fringe religions. Author: Hare, J. B.

42. Jainism,Jainism Religion,History Of Jainism Religion,Jainism Religion Symbol jainism,jainism Religion,History Of jainism Religion,jainism Religion Symbol,jainism Religion Belief,jainism Or JainReligion,Origin Of jainism Religion http://www.culturopedia.com/Religions/jainism.html

Home Religions Of India >> Jainism Religions And Religious Thoughts Of India Hinduism Jainism Buddhism ... Famous Religious Personalities JAINISM Kalchakra Jainism is one of the oldest religions of the world. The Rig Veda mentions the names of two Jain tirthankaras, Rishaba and Aristanemi. The Vishnu Purana and the Bhagwat Purana describe Rishaba as an incarnation of Lord Vishnu. According to the Kalpasutra of Bhadrabahu, Rishabhadeva or Adinatha was the first Tirthankara . Parsvanatha is considered as the 23 rd Tirthankara who imparted great strength to Jainism. The modern founder of Jainism is accepted as Vardamana Mahavira, the 24 th Tirthankara , who existed over 2500 years ago in Kundapura near Vaishali in the present-day Bihar. All the 24 Jain Tirthankaras were Kshatriyas and belonged to royal families. The teachings of the 24 Tirthankaras form the basis of Jainism. A Tirthankara is a person who reestablishes the religion and the fourfold society of Sadhus, Sadhvis, Shravaks , and Sharavikas . Like Buddhism, Jainism also originated as a reaction to the excessive ritualism and rigid social systems prevalent in Hinduism at that time. There are an estimated 4 million Jains in India today, living mostly in Gujarat and Karnataka. Fundamental Principles There is no Supernatural being that creates or sustains the Universe. Reality has two categories

43. Free Jainism Ecards, Jainism Greeting Cards, Jainism Greetings, Cards, Ecards, E Send free cyber electronic greeting card and postcards with quotes and colors. eCards for holidays,birthdays,graduation,romantic,weddings,thank you,say http://cards.101ramadan.com/cgi-bin/newcards/showthumbs.pl?q1=rsp_jain&log=ramad

44. References jainism is a religion of purely human origin and is preached by those who have In ancient times jainism was known by many names such as Saman tradition, http://www.jcnc.org/jainism/reference_detail.asp?category=Introduction to Jainis

45. FORE: Religion-Jainism-Introduction jainism and Ecology research resources. Includes bibliography, essays, sacred texts, official statements, engaged projects, and related links. http://environment.harvard.edu/religion/religion/jainism/index.html

Forum on Religion and Ecology Information Religion Intersecting Disciplines ... Islam Introduction to Jainism Jainism, Hinduism, and Ecology Christopher Key Chapple Loyola Marymount University Introduction Islam , has been examined in light of ecology in another essay on this website. Hinduism and Jainism comprise the oldest continually observed religious traditions of the Indian subcontinent. Both have spread beyond the subcontinent to virtually all parts of the globe, though most adherents to these faiths claim Indian ancestry. In the two conferences devoted to these traditions, scholars and religious leaders explored Hindu and Jaina literature, history, sociology, ritual, and asceticism in light of the current ecological crisis. Hinduism and Ecology The Vedic traditions of Hinduism offer imagery that values the power of the natural world. Scholars of the Vedas have held forth various texts and rituals that extol the earth

46. Jainism jainism was born in India about the same period as Buddhism. It was established by Mahavira. In jainism nonviolence is its main core. http://adaniel.tripod.com/Jainism.htm

World Religion information on India Religions in India JAINISM Book Life Force : The World of Jainism Aharon Daniel allowed to use

47. ZENIT - Jainism And Peace ZENIT is a news agency specializing in coverage of the Holy Father, life in the Holy See, and events of interest to the Church. Services are also available http://www.zenit.org/article-22003?l=english

48. Jainism By Annie Besant One might almost sum up the atmosphere of jainism in one phrase, that we find in the Sutra Kritãnga, iii, 20 that man by injuring no living creature http://www.theosophical.ca/JainismAB.htm

JAINISM by ANNIE BESANT The Theosophical Society Centenary Printing 1974 The Theosophical Publishing House, Adyar. Chennai 600 020 India Brothers: [Page 1] We shall find ourselves this morning in a very different atmosphere from that in which we were yesterday, and in which we shall be tomorrow. We shall not now have around us the atmosphere of romance, of chivalry, that we find both in the faith of Islam and in that of the Sikhs. On the contrary we shall be in a calm, philosophic, quiet atmosphere. We shall find ourselves considering the problems of human existence looked at with the eye of the philosopher, of the metaphysician, and on the other hand the question of conduct will take up a large part of our thought; how man should live: what is his relation to the lower creatures around him; how he should so guide his life, his actions, that he may not injure, that he may not destroy. One might almost sum up the atmosphere of Jainism in one phrase, that we find in the iii, 20 that man by injuring no living creature reaches the Nirvana which is peace. That is a phrase that seems to carry with it the whole thought of the Jaina: peace - peace between man and man, peace between man and animal, peace everywhere and in all things, a perfect brotherhood of all that lives. Such is the ideal of the Jaina, such is the thought that he endeavors to realize upon earth.

49. Tolerance.it jainism is a very ancient religion whose roots like those of Buddhism Like Buddhism, jainism arose as a challenge to Vedic and Brahmanic orthodoxy. http://www.tolerance.kataweb.it/eng/cap_due/uno/religioni/giainismo.html

INTRODUCTION DIFFERENT YET EQUAL RELIGION A world of religions Are we religious animals? Various attitudes THIS IS MY PLACE MALE AND FEMALE ... List of religions / Jainism The raised hand tells the believer to stop and think before performing any action; the hand contains a wheel, which stands for the eternal cycle of rebirth, and which in turn contains the word "Ahimsa" (non-violence). Number of followers and their geographical distribution There are some 4 million Jainas in the world, mostly concentrated in north-west India. History Jainism is a very ancient religion whose roots - like those of Buddhism are sunk in the Hindu , tradition. Like Buddhism, Jainism arose as a challenge to Vedic and Brahmanic orthodoxy. There are twenty-four great Jaina teachers (or Jina, which in Sanskrit means "conquerors" - in the sense that they have conquered their passions): the last Jina was Vardhamana (also known as Mahavira, or "Great Hero"), and he lived in the 6th - 5th century B.C.E, more or less at the same time as the Buddha. According to Jaina tradition, Vardhamana came from a noble family and, at the age of twenty-eight, he left his wife and daughter to dedicate his life to religion and to ascetic practices. He reached inner enlightenment, re-founded the Jaina community and died of fasting at the age of seventy-two. During the 1st century CE, the Jaina community split into two main currents: the Digambara ("sky-clad") were more conservative and believed that monks should wear no clothes, while the Svetambaras ("white-clad") clothed themselves with seamless white cloth.

50. Jainism The Kalpa sutra contains a biography of the founder of jainism, Mahavira, as well as other founders of the religion, and a list of the successive Jain http://www.ishwar.com/jainism/

document.write(""); Jainism Holy Akaranga Sutra The Akaranga Sutra, or, as it is sometimes called, the Samayika, is the first of the eleven Angas. It treats of the akara, or conduct, which falls under the last of the four heads, or anuyogas, into which the sacred lore is divided, viz. Dharmakatha, Ganita, Dravya, and Karanakarana. The Akaranga Sûtra contains two books, or Srutaskandhas, very different from each other in style and in the manner in which the subject is treated. Intro taken from http://www.sacred-texts.com/jai/sbe22/sbe2202.htm Download PDF Download LIT Download PRC Holy Kalpa Sutra The Kalpa sutra contains a biography of the founder of Jainism, Mahavira, as well as other founders of the religion, and a list of the successive Jain leaders. Intro taken from http://www.sacred-texts.com/jai/sbe22/index.htm Download PDF Download LIT Download PRC About Jainism: Religion of India established in the 6th century BC by Vardhamana, who was called Mahavira. Jainism's core belief is ahimsa, or noninjury to all living things. It was founded as a reaction against the Vedic religion, which required animal sacrifices. Jainism has no belief in a creator god, though there are a number of lesser deities for various aspects of life. Jains believe their religion is eternal and hold that it was revealed in stages by a number of Conquerors, of whom Mahavira was the 24th.

51. Welcome To Multifaithnet - Jainism jainism holds to the perspective of anekantavada or the multifaceted nature of reality, in which the taking of an holistic view is advocated even when http://www.multifaithcentre.org/religions/jainism/index.asp

29, May, 2008: 08:27:39 Jainism Print Version Resources Art Links Discussion Group Introduction to Religions Buddhism Christianity Hinduism Islam ... Other Religious Faiths Contacts Contact Multi-Faith Centre Multi-Faith Centre Homepage UoD Home Page Jainism Faith Website A SHORT INTRODUCTION TO JAINISM JAIN POPULATIONS Global: c. 4,218,000 UK: c. 25,000-30,000 (Estimates taken from P.Weller (ed.), Religions in the UK: Directory 2001-03, The Multi-Faith Centre at the University of Derby, 2001, pp.33-35.) THE BEGINNINGS OF JAINISM Jainism originated in India, although its time of origin cannot be determined. The word Jain derives from the title "Jina", meaning spiritual victor. This title, or that of Tirthankara (Ford-maker), was given to a succession of teachers who, through their own spiritual struggle, are believed attained kevalajnana or omniscience. In the present cycle of the cosmos, Jains believe that there have been twenty-four Tirthankaras. Tirthankaras help others to cross over the floods of samsara (the cycle of birth and death). Jains acknowledge Vardhamana (believed to have been born in 599BCE in contemporary Bihar, India), usually known by his title of Mahavira or Great Hero, as the twenty-fourth Tirthankara.

52. Jainsm Welcome Screen Similar pages jainism Mathematics and the Liberal Artsjainism - Mathematics and the Liberal Arts. To expand search, see Religion. Laterally related topics The Islamic World, Confucianism, Taoism, http://www.jainism.net/

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53. Jainism - Wikipedia, Den Fria Encyklopedin Mahavira räknas som vår tids tirthankara, vilket är jainismens motsvarighet till buddhismens buddhabegrepp; själva ordet jainism kommer av jaina, http://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jainism

Jainism Wikipedia Hoppa till: navigering s¶k RELIGION Mer information, se Religionsportalen Antal troende Religionsgrundare Mystiker (lista) Jainismen ¤r en indisk religion , n¥got ¤ldre ¤n buddhismen ; dessa b¥da ¤r de enda ¶verlevande av de m¥nga skolor som en g¥ng tillsammans utgjorde sramanismen och stod i mots¤ttning till brahmanismen , som senare utvecklats till hinduismen . Den sistn¤mnda har dock p¥verkats av jainismen, inte minst i fr¥ga om icke-v¥ld ; ett exempel p¥ detta ¤r Gandhi Som grundare av jainismen r¤knas normalt Mahavira (hans exakta livstid ¤r os¤ker; traditionellt anses han ha levat 517 f.Kr. ), en ¤ldre samtida till Buddha Gotama. Mahavira r¤knas som v¥r tids tirthankara , vilket ¤r jainismens motsvarighet till buddhismens buddhabegrepp; sj¤lva ordet "jainism" kommer av jaina , en anh¤ngare till jina , som n¤rmast motsvarar buddhismens arahant Somliga religionshistoriker anses att ¤ven en tidigare tirthankara, Parshva , kan ha levt i historisk tid, cirka 800 f.Kr. , vilket skulle g¶ra jainismen n¥gra sekler ¤ldre. I den buddhistiska palikanon - Tripitaka - upptr¤der Mahavira under namnet Nigantha N¢thaputta, och blir d¤r utsatt f¶r mycket h¥rd kritik.

54. "Jainism" By Harischandra Kaviratna The followers of jainism abstain from causing injury even to the tiniest creatures, and always strictly adhere to the command that one should not kill. http://www.theosophy-nw.org/theosnw/world/asia/rel-kav3.htm

Jainism By Harischandra Kaviratna The mighty task of bringing together the various factions and of and revitalizing the great philosophy underlying the ancient Vedas was undertaken by two great luminaries born in the line of Kshattriyas, who vehemently revolted against animal sacrifice and the ritualized Vedic religion. These two spiritual sons of India were none other than Vardhamana Mahavira and Gautama Sakyamuni, both godless and yet most godlike, both endeavoring to save mankind from the trammels of samsara or the cycle of repeated earth-existences. Vardhamana, a contemporary of Gautama the Buddha, was born in Magadha in the sixth century BC. He was the son of a Kshattriya chieftain who ruled the principality now known as Northern Bihar, and received his early education from the royal preceptors who instructed him in all branches of the Vedas, Atma-vidya and other sciences. At the age of thirty, when both his parents died, the prince renounced all worldly possessions and retired into the forest. For twelve years he practiced rigorous self-mortification and meditation and at last realized the highest truth. After having completed a systematic course of severe austerities and penances prescribed for a Jain prophet, he became a jina or conqueror, the 24th tirthankara in a succession of spiritual teachers, and was henceforth known as Mahavira, 'great hero.' The first tirthankara was Rishabha-deva who probably lived in the Rig-Vedic period. He was described by the poets Bana and Mayura as the incomparable saint, higher than the highest deity of the Hindu pantheon. According to the account given in

55. Jainism jainism is a religion of purely human origin and is preached and practiced by one who has attained perfect knowledge, omniscience and selfcontrol by his http://studentorgs.utexas.edu/jain/jainism.html

Jainism Click on the links to go directly to the related topic: Introduction Founder Philosophy Ethical Code ... Teachings Topic Information 1. Introduction Jainism is one of the oldest living religions of India. It predates recorded history as per references indicated in Hindu scriptures. It is an original system, quite distinct and independent from other systems of Indian philosophy. Jainism is a religion of purely human origin and is preached and practiced by one who has attained perfect knowledge, omniscience and self-control by his own personal efforts and has been liberated from the bonds of worldly existence, the cycle of births and deaths.  Such human beings are considered Gods of Jainism.  The concept of God as a creator, protector, and destroyer of the universe does not exist in Jainism.  Also the idea of God's reincarnation as a human being to destroy the demons is not accepted in Jainism.  In summary Jainism does not believe in creator God, but it is not an atheistic religion because it believes in many Gods who are self realized individuals and who have attained liberation. In ancient times it was known by many names such as Saman tradition, or the religion of Nirgantha, or Jina.  Literally Jina means a conqueror, that is, one who has conquered the worldly passions like desire, hatred, anger, greed, and pride by one's own personal efforts. Jina is a human being and not a supernatural being or an incarnation of an all mighty God.  Some of the Jinas establish religious order, they are known as Tirthankara and there exist the spiritual lineage of the twenty-four Tirthankars of whom the ascetic sage Mahavir was the last.  All human beings have the potentiality to become Jina.

56. JAINISM IN SOUTH INDIA In South India, jainism is little more than a name. Even serious students of religion in India paid little attention to it. In a population of nearly 60 http://www.terapanth.com/impressions/south-india.htm

JAINISM IN SOUTH INDIA In South India, Jainism is little more than a name. Even serious students of religion in India paid little attention to it. In a population of nearly 60 crores of people, Jainas may constitute nearly some 3 million people . But the influence it wields, its contribution to the development of Indian couture, commerce and industry is out of proportion to their population. Jainological material is so rich and varied and so much extended in time it is impossible to write about it in few pages. Because of this limitation the paper will be simply a fringe study and a general survey. In this brief paper an attempt is made to trace the rise of Jainism as religio-philosophical system, its contribution to Indian Philosophy, Religion, Metaphysics and Logic, Art and Architecture, languages and literatures, and also a brief summary of its history in Andhra Pradesh. The Jainas claim hoary antiquity for their religion. Vishnu and Bhagavata Puranas also mention this fact. The tradition says that during the time of the Mahabharata War Jaina order was led by Neminatha, the 22nd Thirthankara and he belonged to Yadava family. The order gained strength during 8th century B. C., under Parsvanatha, the 23rd Thirthankara. In Parsvanatha we have the first historical beginnings of Jainism. Mahavira was born in the middle of the 6th century B. C. It appears he was influenced to a great extent by Gosala and the followers of Ajivaka sect also. According to one tradition there were 5 heretical sects. They are :

57. Jain Traditions An email discussion list for (overseas) Jains and their friends. http//www.jainism.org/ A site with frames. Click on menu at left or at top for http://www.religiousworlds.com/jain.html

Jain Traditions BBC Religion and Ethics: Jainism http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/jainism/ [Useful resources provided by the British Broadcasting Corporation.] Jain Data Base http://www.ibiblio.org/jainism/ [A collection of articles of various concepts and aspects of Jain tradition.] Jain Friends http://www.egroups.com/messages/jain-friends/ [An e-mail discussion list for (overseas) Jains and their friends. Previously was Jain-List at another location.] Jain World http://www.jainworld.com/ [Describes itself as a global resource center.] Jainism.Org http://www.jainism.org/ [A site with frames. Click on menu at left or at top for resources.] Lord Mahavir and Jain Religion http://www.cs.colostate.edu/~malaiya/mahavira.html [A very well-organized and comprehensive site compiled by Pravin K. Shah of the Jain Study Center of North Carolina, with files served from Colorado State University (USA). See also the list of Jain Links Wikipedia: Jainism http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jainism

58. Jainism — Infoplease.com jainism, Ajivika, and Buddhism arose in the 6th cent. B.C. as protests against the overdeveloped ritualism of Hinduism, particularly its sacrificial cults, http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/society/A0825887.html

Site Map FAQ in All Infoplease Almanacs Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Spelling Checker Daily Almanac for May 29, 2008 Search White Pages Skip Navigation Home Almanacs ... Word of the Day Editor's Favorites Asian Pacific American Heritage Month Father's Day 2008 Summer Olympics Friday the 13th ... 2008 Calendar Search: Infoplease Info search tips Search: Biographies Bio search tips google_ad_client = 'pub-1894504138907931'; google_ad_width = 120; google_ad_height = 240; google_ad_format = '120x240_as'; google_ad_type = 'text'; google_ad_channel =''; google_color_border = ['336699','B4D0DC','DFF2FD','B0E0E6']; google_color_bg = ['FFFFFF','ECF8FF','DFF2FD','FFFFFF']; google_color_link = ['0000FF','0000CC','0000CC','000000']; google_color_url = ['008000','008000','008000','336699']; google_color_text = ['000000','6F6F6F','000000','333333']; Encyclopedia Jainism Jainism u m) [ key [i.e., the religion of Jina], religious system of India practiced by about 5,000,000 persons. Jainism, Ajivika , and Buddhism arose in the 6th cent. B.C.

59. Jainism Websites dedicated to the Jain religion, its practices, philosophy, language and literature. http://hinduism.about.com/od/jainism/Jainism.htm

zOBT=" Ads" zGCID=" test1" zGCID+=" test9" zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') zDO=0 z160=zpreC(160,600);z336=zpreC(336,280);z728=zpreC(728,90);z155=zpreC(336,155);zItw=160 Search Hinduism var h2=document.getElementsByTagName("h2")[0];if(h2.getElementsByTagName("a")[0].firstChild.nodeValue.length>28)h2.className="long"; Home Hinduism Email Hinduism More from About.com Browse Hinduism The Basics Vedic Astrology Browse Topics A-Z Search Filed In: The Basics Jainism Jainism Websites dedicated to the Jain religion, its practices, philosophy, language and literature. Essence of Jainism Original Jain texts with translations into various modern languages from the Jain Literature and Jain Logic Site. Introduction to Jainism About Jainism in brief. Topics include origin, code of conduct, Jina and the soul and vegeterianism. JAINA Official Web site of the Federation of Jain Associations in North America Jain Agam Literature A well-researched introduction to Jainism. Compiled by Pravin K. Shah of Jain Study Center, Raleigh Jainism Simplified Basic Jain concepts explained. From Jain Students Group at the University of Michigan.

60. Research And Study Of Jainism With Links To Researched Articles And Related Site lifepositive.com/Spirit/ worldreligions/jainism/jainism.html - 1k - http://lifepositive.com/Spirit/world-religions/jainism/jainism.html

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