1. Meningitis - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia meningitis is the inflammation of the protective membranes covering the central nervous system, known collectively as the meninges. meningitis may develop http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meningitis

Meningitis From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation search Meningitis Classification and external resources Meninges of the central nervous system: dura mater, arachnoid, and pia mater. ICD G G ICD ... MeSH Meningitis is inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord , known collectively as the meninges . Meningitis may develop in response to a number of causes, most prominently bacteria viruses and other infectious agents, but also physical injury, cancer , or certain drugs. While some forms of meningitis are mild and resolve on their own, meningitis is a potentially serious condition due to the proximity of the inflammation to the brain and spinal cord. The potential for serious neurological damage or even death necessitates prompt medical attention and evaluation. Infectious meningitis, the most common form, is typically treated with antibiotics and requires close observation. Some forms of meningitis (such as those associated with meningococcus mumps virus or pneumococcus infections) may be prevented with immunization Contents Signs and symptoms Diagnosis Investigations Prediction rules ... edit Signs and symptoms Severe headache is the most common symptom of meningitis (87 percent) followed by nuchal rigidity ("neck stiffness", 83 percent). The classic triad of diagnostic signs consists of nuchal rigidity (being unable to flex the neck forward), sudden

2. Meningitis meningitis is an inflammation of the membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord. It is treatable, but it can be serious, so it s important to know the http://www.kidshealth.org/parent/infections/lung/meningitis.html

var fo = new FlashObject("/image/parentnav/intheNEWS_button.swf", "pl1", "153", "43", "5", ""); fo.addParam("QUALITY", "High"); fo.write("parent_left_flash_1"); var fo = new FlashObject("/updates/P_squarebanner.swf", "pl2", "153", "126", "5", ""); fo.addParam("QUALITY", "High"); fo.write("parent_left_flash_2"); var fo = new FlashObject("/image/parentnav/whatsNew_squarebanner.swf", "pl3", "153", "108", "5", ""); fo.addParam("QUALITY", "High"); fo.write("parent_left_flash_3"); var fo = new FlashObject("/image/parentnav/temp_banner.swf", "pl4", "153", "108", "5", ""); fo.addParam("QUALITY", "High"); fo.write("parent_left_flash_4"); KidsHealth Parents Infections Meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges, the membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord. It is usually caused by bacteria or viruses, but it can also be caused by certain medications or illnesses. Bacterial meningitis is rare, but is usually serious and can be life-threatening if it's not treated right away. Viral meningitis (also called aseptic meningitis ) is relatively common and far less serious. It often remains undiagnosed because its symptoms can be similar to those of the common flu.

3. Understand Meningitis And Septicaemia - Meningitis Research Foundation Includes information on symptoms, diagnosis, after effects, scientific research and on support for those who have experienced the disease. http://www.meningitis.org/

Meningitis Research Foundation Donate By phone Online By post By standing order ... Need Support? Free fone 24 hour helpline UK Rep of Ireland Search Seach site for Understand meningitis and septicaemia Welcome to Meningitis Research Foundation's website. We fund research to prevent meningitis and septicaemia, and to improve survival rates and outcomes. We promote education and awareness to reduce death and disability, and give support to people affected. Our vision is a world free from meningitis and septicaemia. If this site helps you, please consider helping us . We rely on the generosity of the public to fund our work. If you're in the UK, listen to Dr Hilary Jones talk about the facts For those in the Republic of Ireland listen to Claire Byrne What to look for: Meningitis Septicaemia Fever and /or vomiting Severe headache Rash (anywhere on the body) Stiff neck ... Seizures (fits) Are you worried about any of these symptoms? Find out what to do next Fever and /or vomiting Limb / joint / muscle pain Cold hands and feet / shivering ... Confused / delirious Are you worried about any of these symptoms? Find out what to do next Language options Research We fund the largest programme of research of any meningitis charity into the prevention, detection and treatment of meningitis and septicaemia.

4. EMedicine - Meningitis : Article By Marjorie Lazoff Dr. Marjorie Lazoff offers a detailed clinical report on its causes, symptoms, and treatment. Includes information on bacterial meningitis diagnostic and http://www.emedicine.com/EMERG/topic309.htm

Home Specialties Reference Centers All Sources eMedicine Medscape Drug Reference MEDLINE var jsRCName = ''; var jsRCPage = ''; Quick Find Introduction Clinical Differentials Workup ... References Related Articles Brain Abscess Delirium Tremens Encephalitis Herpes Simplex ... Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Patient Education Brain and Nervous System Center Meningitis in Adults Overview Meningitis in Adults Causes Meningitis in Adults Symptoms ... Email to a colleague You are in: eMedicine Specialties Emergency Medicine INFECTIOUS DISEASES Meningitis Article Last Updated: Nov 7, 2007 AUTHOR AND EDITOR INFORMATION Section 1 of 10 Authors and Editors Introduction Clinical Differentials ... References Author: Marjorie Lazoff, MD, Editor-in-Chief, Medical Computing Review Marjorie Lazoff is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha American College of Emergency Physicians American Medical Informatics Association , and Society for Academic Emergency Medicine Editors: Mark S Slabinski, MD, FACEP, FAAEM, Mid-Atlantic Regional Director, Emergency Medicine Physicians, Ltd; Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD

5. Disease Listing, Meningococcal Disease, General Info | CDC Bacterial, Mycotic Di meningitis is usually caused by a viral or bacterial infection. For bacterial meningitis, it is also important to know which type of bacteria is causing http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dbmd/diseaseinfo/meningococcal_g.htm

Home About CDC Press Room Funding ... Contact Us Search: Topic Home Programs Offices Disease Listing 1600 Clifton Road NE, MS-D63 Atlanta, GA 30033 Phone: + 1-800-311-3435 Email Us Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases Home Home Disease Listing Meningococcal Disease Disease Listing General Information Technical Information Additional Information Frequently Asked Questions What is meningococcal disease? What are the signs and symptoms of meningococcal disease? How is meningococcal disease diagnosed? Can meningococcal disease be treated? ... Are there vaccines that protect against meningococcal disease? What is meningococcal disease? Meningococcal disease is a bacterial infection that can cause meningitis, sepsis, pneumonia, or joint infections. Meningococcal disease can be quite severe and may result in brain damage, hearing loss, or loss of limbs. Meningococcal disease is one of the leading causes of bacterial meningitis in the United States. Back to Top What are the signs and symptoms of meningococcal disease? Signs and symptoms of meningococcal disease include high fever, headache, stiff neck, or a development of a dark purple rash. These symptoms at first may appear similar to other illnesses such as the flu, but the symptoms progress rapidly and persons with meningococcal disease can be seriously ill 12-24 hours after symptoms start. A small infant may only appear slow or inactive, or be irritable, have vomiting, or be feeding poorly.

6. Meningitis - MayoClinic.com meningitis — Comprehensive overview covers symptoms, treatment, prevention of this brain and spinal cord inflammation. http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/meningitis/DS00118

Medical Services Health Information Appointments Education and Research ... About Meningitis ARTICLE SECTIONS Introduction Signs and symptoms Causes Risk factors ... Prevention Introduction Meningitis is an inflammation of the membranes (meninges) and cerebrospinal fluid surrounding your brain and spinal cord, usually due to the spread of an infection. In the past, most meningitis cases occurred in children younger than 5 years. But as a result of the protection offered by current childhood vaccines, most meningitis cases now occur in young people between the ages of 15 and 24. Older adults also tend to have a higher incidence of meningitis than do young children. The cause of most cases of meningitis is a viral infection, but bacterial and fungal infections also can lead to meningitis. The severity of the inflammation and the best treatment depend on the cause of the infection. Bacterial meningitis is generally much more serious than viral meningitis, and timely treatment is necessary. Left untreated, bacterial meningitis can be fatal. If you suspect that you or someone in your family has signs or symptoms of meningitis, seek medical care right away. There's no way to tell what kind of meningitis you have without seeing your doctor and undergoing testing. NEXT: Signs and symptoms ARTICLE TOOLS Print this section All sections E-mail this Larger type Reprints and permissions By Mayo Clinic Staff Feb 5, 2008

7. MFA - Meningitis Foundation Of America Information about the organization as well as the disease. Includes FAQs, symptoms, treatment, prevention, recovery and support. Also has a mailing list, http://www.musa.org/

8. MedlinePlus: Meningitis meningitis is inflammation of the thin tissue that surrounds the brain and spinal cord, called the meninges. There are several types of meningitis. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/meningitis.html

imageNames = false; @import url(http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/images/advanced.css); @import url(http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/images/header.css); @import url(http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/images/menubutton.css); Skip navigation @import url("http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/images/consumer_health_20.css"); Other Health Topics: A B C D ... List of All Topics Related Topics Encephalitis Brain and Nerves Infections Go Local Services and providers for Meningitis in the U.S. Select Location AL - Alabama AR - Arkansas AZ - Arizona AZ - Tribal Connections Four Corners CO - Tribal Connections Four Corners DE - Delaware GA - Georgia IA - Iowa IL - Illinois IN - Indiana MA - Massachusetts MD - Maryland MI - Michigan MN - Minnesota NC - North Carolina NE - Nebraska NM - New Mexico NM - Tribal Connections Four Corners NV - Nevada OH - Ohio - Southeast SC - South Carolina TX - Central Texas TX - East Texas TX - South Texas TX - Texas Gulf Coast UT - Tribal Connections Four Corners UT - Utah VT - Vermont WY - Wyoming Select from map National Institutes of Health The primary NIH organization for research on Meningitis is the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Languages Armenian Bosnian (Bosanski) Chinese - Traditional Farsi French (fran§ais) Haitian Creole (Kreyol) Hindi Hmong (Hmoob) Italian (italiano) Japanese Khmer (Khmer) Korean Laotian (Lao) Panjabi Portuguese (portuguªs) Romanian (Rom¢nă) Russian Samoan (Gagana Samoa) Somali (af Soomaali) Spanish Tagalog (Tagalog)

9. Meningitis-Topic Overview Viral meningitis is fairly common. It usually does not cause serious illness. In severe cases, it can cause prolonged fever and seizures. http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/meningitis-topic-overview

var s_furl = "/a-to-z-guides/meningitis-topic-overview"; var image_server_url = "http://img.webmd.com/dtmcms/live"; var priTopId = "4286"; var secTopId = ""; document.write(wmd_today); Bookmark This Page Site Map Sign up for WebMD Newsletters WebMD Home ... Pill Identifier document.write(''); Women's Health Home Balance Fitness Parenting ... Pregnancy document.write(''); Men's Health Home Balance Fitness Parenting document.write(''); Children's Health Home Fitness Parenting Pregnancy ... A to Z Guides Email a Friend Print Article Meningitis Font Size A A A Topic Overview What is meningitis? Meningitis is an infection of the coverings around the brain and spinal cord. The infection occurs most often in children, teens, and young adults. Also at risk are older adults and people who have long-term health problems, such as a weakened immune system There are two main kinds of meningitis: Viral meningitis is fairly common. It usually does not cause serious illness. In severe cases, it can cause prolonged fever and seizures. Bacterial meningitis is not as common but is very serious. It needs to be treated right away to prevent brain damage and death.

10. Meningitis - National Meningitis Association The National meningitis Association (NMA) educates parents, students, health professionals public policy makers about the dangers of meningococcal disease http://www.nmaus.org/

Home Support NMA Contact NMA Links NMA Mission NMA’s mission is to educate families, medical professionals and others about bacterial meningitis and prevention approaches to the disease. Current News ACIP Meningococcal Immunization Recommendations for High-Risk 2-10 Year Olds Expanded Indication for Meningococcal Conjugate Vaccine Newly Expanded CDC Meningococcal Immunization Recommendations Featured Programs NMA Receives 2007 Telly Award for Meningococcal Disease Educational Video M.O.M. s Mission Possible S.T.O.P. Meningitis ... P.T.A. for PTAs Welcome to the National Meningitis Association The National Meningitis Association (NMA) is a nonprofit organization founded by parents whose children have died or live with permanent disabilities from meningococcal disease. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends meningococcal vaccination for all adolescents 11-18 years of age. state by state. Select a State Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming Share Your Story If you or someone you know has been affected by meningococcal disease, please

11. WHO | Meningitis Paediatric bacterial meningitis surveillance network (African Region). FACT SHEETS Immunization, Vaccines and Biologicals meningitis N. meningitidis http://www.who.int/topics/meningitis/en/

Language options Search Main navigation Home About WHO Countries Health topics ... Health topics Main content Meningitis This page provides links to descriptions of activities, reports, news and events, as well as contacts and cooperating partners in the various WHO programmes and offices working on this topic. Also shown are links to related web sites and topics. MeSH scope note: Inflammation of the coverings of the brain and/or spinal cord, which consist of the PIA MATER; ARACHNOID; and DURA MATER. Infections (viral, bacterial, and fungal) are the most common causes of this condition, but subarachnoid hemorrhage ( HEMORRHAGES, SUBARACHNOID), chemical irritation (chemical MENINGITIS), granulomatous conditions, neoplastic conditions (e.g., carcinomatous meningitis), and other inflammatory conditions may produce this syndrome. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1994, Ch24, p6) RELATED SITES Paediatric bacterial meningitis surveillance network (African Region) FACT SHEETS Meningococcal meningitis RELATED LINKS Immunization, Vaccines and Biologicals: meningitis

12. Meningitis In Adults Causes, Symptoms, Treatment And Vaccine On EMedicineHealth. Get information about meningitis in adults. Learn about causes, symptoms, treatment, diagnosis, prevention, vaccinations and find out how meningitis is http://www.emedicinehealth.com/meningitis_in_adults/page3_em.htm

eTools Privacy Site Map May 29, 2008 HOME FIRST AID EMERGENCIES TOPICS A - Z ... topics a-z list > meningitis in adults article Healthcare Professionals Font Size A A A Previous Page ... Next Page Meningitis in Adults (cont.) IN THIS ARTICLE Meningitis in Adults Overview Adult Meningitis Causes Adult Meningitis Symptoms When to Seek Medical Care Exams and Tests Adult Meningitis Treatment Self-Care at Home ... Authors and Editors Adult Meningitis Symptoms About 25% of those who develop meningitis have symptoms that develop over 24 hours. The remainder generally become ill over one to seven days. Occasionally, if someone has been on antibiotics for another infection, the symptoms can take longer to develop or may be less intense. If someone is developing fungal meningitis (most commonly someone who is HIV positive), the symptoms may take weeks to develop. Classic symptoms Headache Stiff neck (nuchal rigidity) Fever and chills Vomiting Fear of bright lights ( photophobia Confusion Seizures (These occur in about a third of those with meningitis.) A recent upper respiratory infection (for example

13. Meningitis And Encephalitis Fact Sheet: National Institute Of Neurological Disor Infection of the meninges, the membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord, is called meningitis and inflammation of the brain itself is called http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/encephalitis_meningitis/detail_encephalitis_m

Plain Text Version Skip Menus National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke National Institutes of Health Home About NINDS Disorders - You are in this section Funding News and Events Find People Training Search this site: Search You are here: Home Disorders Encephalitis and Meningitis Meningitis and Encephalitis Fact Sheet Skip secondary menu Meningitis and Encephalitis Information Page Publications Organizations Clinical Trials News Research literature ... My Privacy NINDS is part of the National Institutes of Health Print-friendly version Email this page ... Meningitis y Encefalitis Table of Contents (click to jump to sections) What is meningitis? What is encephalitis? What causes meningitis and encephalitis? Who is at risk for encephalitis and meningitis? How are these disorders transmitted? ... Where can I get more information? What is meningitis? What is encephalitis? Infections in the brain and spinal cord can cause dangerous inflammation. This inflammation can produce a wide range of symptoms, including fever, headache, or confusion and, in extreme cases, can cause brain damage, stroke, seizures, or even death. Infection of the meninges, the membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord, is called meningitis and inflammation of the brain itself is called

14. Encephalitis And Meningitis Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, Vaccine And Facts On Me Get information on encephalitis and meningitis treatment, vaccine, symptoms (nausea, fever), types (bacterial, viral), causes, and learn how this contagious http://www.medicinenet.com/encephalitis_and_meningitis/article.htm

About Us Site Map May 29, 2008 home infectious disease center infectious disease a-z list encephalitis and meningitis index > encephalitis and meningitis article Font Size A A A Encephalitis and Meningitis Index ... Glossary Encephalitis and Meningitis Medical Author: Jerry Balentine, DO, FACEP Medical Editor: William C. Shiel Jr., MD, FACP, FACR What is encephalitis? What are symptoms of encephalitis? What is meningitis? ... Are there vaccines against meningitis? Related meningitis articles: Meningitis - on WebMD Encephalitis - on eMedicineHealth What is encephalitis? Encephalitis is an inflammation of the brain. There are many types of encephalitis, most of which are caused by infections. Most often these infections are caused by viruses. Encephalitis can also be caused by diseases that cause inflammation of the brain. What are symptoms of encephalitis? Symptoms of encephalitis include sudden fever headache vomiting , visual sensitivity to light, stiff neck and back, confusion, drowsiness, clumsiness, unsteady gait, and irritability. Loss of consciousness, poor responsiveness, seizures, muscle weakness, sudden severe dementia and memory loss can also be found in patients with encephalitis.

15. Meningitis - Neurologychannel meningitis (or spinal meningitis) is an infection in the meninges and cerebrospinal fluid. http://www.neurologychannel.com/meningitis/index.shtml

Home Search SiteMap Contact Us ... email this var addthis_pub = 'healthcommunities.com'; Stay Updated: Meningitis Overview, Types Physician developed and monitored. Original source: www.neurologychannel.com Original Date of Publication: 01 Jan 2002 Reviewed by: Stanley J. Swierzewski, III, M.D. Last Reviewed: 01 Dec 2007 Important Facts Meningitis is inflammation of membranes that surround the brain Meningitis causes swelling in brain tissue, stiff neck, severe headache, and fever Infectious meningitis is contagious and may be viral, bacterial, fungal, or parasitic Viral meningitis is the most common type of meningitis Home Meningitis Overview, Types Overview Meningitis is inflammation of the meninges that results in swelling of brain tissue and sometimes spinal tissue (spinal meningitis). Swelling inhibits the flow of blood and oxygen to brain tissue. The characteristic symptoms of meningitis are stiff neck, severe headache, and fever. The meninges are three ultrathin membranes that surround and protect the brain and a portion of the spinal cord: the outer membrane (dura mater), middle membrane (arachnoid), and inner membrane (pia mater). Types Meningitis is either infectious (contagious) or noninfectious. Infectious meningitis is classified as viral, bacterial, fungal, or parasitic, depending on the type of organism causing the infection.

16. Hardin MD : Meningitis From the University of Iowa, the *best* lists of Internet sources in meningitis. http://www.lib.uiowa.edu/hardin/md/meningitis.html

Meningitis Return to Hardin MD : Home Medical Pictures People interested in this subject often clicked these ... Brain Pictures Cat-Scratch Fever Child Skin Rashes Encephalitis ... Free Articles (PubMed) MEDLINE plus Meningitis Google Directory : Meningitis Wikipedia : Meningitis Yahoo Directory : Meningitis Pneumococcal meningitis Meningitis Symptoms MEDLINEplus Health Encyclopedia : Meningitis : Symptoms Meningitis - pneumococcal : Symptoms Meningitis - meningococcal : Symptoms A.D.A.M. / National Library of Medicine KidsHealth, Nemours Foundation's Center for Children's Health Media Meningitis : Symptoms Aetna InteliHealth / Harvard Medical School Mayo clinic, Rochester, Minnesota Free Articles (PubMed) Meningitis : Free Articles : Focused Broad All citations (Most without links to complete article) [Use Limits PubMed Medline, National Library of Medicine Hardin Library for the Health Sciences , University of Iowa Please send comments to hardin-webmaster@uiowa.edu The URL for this page is http://www.lib.uiowa.edu/hardin/md/meningitis.html Last updated Tuesday, Aug 07, 2007

17. Bacterial Meningitis Facts Bacterial meningitis is most commonly caused by one of three types of bacteria Haemophilus influenzae type b, Neisseria meningitidis, and Streptococcus http://www.dhpe.org/infect/Bacmeningitis.html

Bacterial Meningitis Bacterial meningitis is a serious infection of the fluid in the spinal cord and the fluid that surrounds the brain. Bacterial meningitis is most commonly caused by one of three types of bacteria: Haemophilus influenzae type b, Neisseria meningitidis , and Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria. The bacteria are spread by direct close contact with the discharges from the nose or throat of an infected person. Bacterial meningitis can be treated with antibiotics. Prevention depends on use of vaccines, rapid diagnosis, and prompt treatment of close personal contacts. What is bacterial meningitis? Meningitis is an infection of the fluid in the spinal cord and the fluid that surrounds the brain. Meningitis is usually caused by an infection with a virus or a bacterium. Knowing whether meningitis is caused by a virus or a bacterium is important because of differences in the seriousness of the illness and the treatment needed. VIRAL MENINGITIS is usually relatively mild. It clears up within a week or two without specific treatment. Viral meningitis is also called aseptic meningitis. BACTERIAL MENINGITIS is much more serious. It can cause severe disease that can result in brain damage and even death.

18. AllAfrica.com: Central African Republic: Scramble To Contain Meningitis Epidemic Aid agencies and the authorities in the Central African Republic (CAR) have joined forces to vaccinate hundreds of thousands of people at risk of meningitis http://allafrica.com/stories/200802130507.html

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19. ABC News: Killer Meningitis Strikes Again The student s case of meningococcal meningitis developed so fast that he died within a day of starting to feel sick, relatives and health officials said. http://abcnews.go.com/Health/ColdFlu/story?id=4191082&page=1

20. Chapter 4 - Meningococcal Disease - Yellow Book | CDC Travelers' Health Travelers to the meningitis belt during the dry season should be advised to The signs and symptoms of meningococcal meningitis are similar to those of http://wwwn.cdc.gov/travel/yellowBookCh4-Menin.aspx

@import url('http://www.cdc.gov/css/global.css'); @import url('/travel/css.ashx?s=2'); @import url('/travel/css.ashx?s=1'); Welcome to the CDC Travelers' Health site. Skip directly to the search box site navigation , or content Primary Navigation for the CDC Website Home About CDC Press Room A-Z Index ... Contact Us Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC en Espa±ol Search: Go Button: Travelers' Health: Yellow Book CDC Health Information for International Travel 2008 Email this page Printer-friendly version Yellow Book Home Search Contents Maps ... Yellow Book Chapter 4 Prevention of Specific Infectious Diseases Previous - Chapter 4 : Measles (Rubeola) Next - Chapter 4 : Mumps Meningococcal Disease Description Meningococcal disease is an acute bacterial infection characterized by sudden onset with fever, intense headache, nausea, vomiting, stiff neck, and, frequently, a rash with pink macules that develops petechiae (1). Formerly, the case-fatality ratio exceeded 50%, but early diagnosis, modern therapy, and supportive measures have lowered the case-fatality ratio to about 10% in developed countries. Among survivors, 11%-19% have long-term sequelae, including hearing loss, neurologic disability, or limb loss (2). Up to 10% of populations in countries with endemic disease carry Neisseria meningitidis asymptomatically in the nose and throat (3).

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