1. Paleobotany - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia paleobotany, also spelled as palaeobotany (from the Greek words paleon = old and botany , study of plants), is the branch of paleontology or paleobiology http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paleobotany

Paleobotany From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation search Paleobotany , also spelled as palaeobotany (from the Greek words paleon = old and " botany ", study of plants), is the branch of paleontology or paleobiology dealing with the recovery and identification of plant remains from geological contexts, and their use for the biological reconstruction of past environments , and the evolution of both the plant kingdom and life in general. A synonym is paleo phytology . Paleobotany includes the study of terrestrial plant fossils , as well as the study of prehistoric marine photoautotrophs , such as photosynthetic algae seaweeds or kelp . A closely-related field is palynology , which is the study of fossilized and extant spores and pollen Paleobotany is important in the reconstruction of ancient ecological systems and climate , known as paleoecology and paleoclimatology respectively; and is fundamental to the study of green plant development and evolution . Paleobotany has also become important to the field of archaeology , primarily for the use of phytoliths in relative dating and in paleoethnobotany Contents Overview of the Paleobotanical Record Plant fossils Kinds of plant fossils Form taxa ... edit Overview of the Paleobotanical Record Macroscopic remains of true vascular plants are first found in the fossil record during the Silurian Period of the Paleozoic era.. Some dispersed, fragmentary fossils of disputed affinity, primarily

2. VPL: Directory Page An introductory look into the world of paleobotany. Designed as a teaching tool for a class at UC Berkeley, but providing useful background information to http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/IB181/VPL/Dir.html

[Lab I] [Lab II] [Lab III] [Lab IV] ... [Lab XII] VIRTUAL PALEOBOTANY What are the synapomorphies for land plants? What does it take? Secondarily reduced? How is it like a moss? A grade? What does it mean? A grade? Heterospory and the origin of seeds? Why sisters? Is this a good interpretation? Why is this node unresolved? Biogeography for members of this clade? Alternative topologies? What data support each? Double fertilization - what was the ancestral state? Age of the anthophytes and stratigraphic debt? Can we resolve this node? What about Zygopteris, Stauropteris, and Cladoxylon Is there a good synapomorphy for ferns? Paleobotany links [IB 181 Home] [Help Page]

3. Links For Palaeobotanists 1 Go to Books and Bibliographies, Botany paleobotany. . Keywords paleobotany, Palaeobotany, Paläobotanik, Paleobotánica, Paléobotanique, Paleobotânica, http://www.mineralogie.uni-wuerzburg.de/palbot1.html

Links for Palaeobotanists has moved to http://www.mineralogie.uni-wuerzburg.de/palbot1.html Please, update your links and bookmarks! An annotated collection of pointers to information on palaeobotany or to WWW resources which may be of use to palaeobotanists (with an Upper Triassic bias). Teaching Documents Lecture Notes, Palaeobotany, Field Trip Guides ... ... Home Categories Palaeobotany and Palaeontology Forums@ C. Schirarend and R. Vogt . Plant evolution in a nutshell (in German). Max Planck Institute for the History of Science, Berlin The Virtual Laboratory . Essays and resources on the experimentalization of life. About.com Dating Archaeological Sites and Artifacts . An annotated link list. Die Welt , (a German newspaper): Jeder achte US-Lehrer unterrichtet Kreationismus (May 21, 2008). Amber Tilley and Hongshan Wang , Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida: Deep Time . Projects about the origin of angiosperms. Dennis O'Neil , Behavioral Sciences Department, Palomar College, San Marcos, California: Record of time . An introduction to the nature of fossils and paleoanthropological dating methods. New Scientist , UK: 16 Percent of U.S. Science Teachers Are Creationists

4. Yale Peabody Museum: The Collections: Paleobotany A worldwide paleobotanical collection dating from the early 19th century. http://www.yale.edu/peabody/collections/pb/

'); document.write(' '); document.write(' Our Holdings Current Research History Collections Policies ... Related Links Home Paleobotany ANNOUNCEMENT January 2, 2008 Requests to visit the collections will be met on an as-feasible basis. To discuss special needs, please contact Dr. Leo Hickey, Curator, at leo.hickey@yale.edu. James Dwight Dana, Over the past 20 years the collection has seen unparalleled growth. Part of this expansion is the result of field collecting, but the largest increase is from the addition of 2 orphaned collections: The New York Botanical Garden Collection and a substantial part of the Princeton University paleobotanical collections. These holdings include material that formed the basis of the research of many of the founders of American paleobotany, including J.S. Newberry, Leo Lesquereux, E.W. Berry, W.M. Fontaine, Lester Ward and Arthur Hollick. Compendium Index of North American Mesozoic and Cenozoic Type Fossil Plants and the National Cleared Leaf Collection. Collections Manager. Volunteer Opportunities Support the Peabody Divisional Staff Curator Leo J. Hickey

5. Paleobotany (Fossil Plants) - Part Of Kuban's Paleo Place International Organization of paleobotany Fossil Plant society headquartered in England. Includes a searchable database of thousands of ancient and modern http://paleo.cc/kpaleo/palebota.htm

Paleobotany Links (Fossil Plants) Glen J. Kuban Part of Kuban's K-Paleo Place home page International Organization of Paleobotany - Fossil Plant society headquartered in England. Includes a searchable database of thousands of ancient and modern plants. Also includes palaeogeographic maps and links to other paleobotany sites. Paleobotany Section of the Botany Society of America - The official page of paleobotanists. Includes news, meeting info, etc. Quaternary Data - Links to sites on Quaternary paleobotany PFR: Plant Taxonomy and Classification Palaeobotanical Research Unit Maintained by Hans Kerp. Paloepage By Kurt Armbruster at University of Alberta. Has links to other paleobotany and palynology sites. Botany Related URLs - An extensive collection of botanical links maintained by Raino Lampinen, a botanist in the Botanical Museum, Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki. It contains many links including images. Pleistocene Algae - By graduate student David Hills at the University of Alberta in Edmonton, Canada. This site provides information on crustose coralline algae from Pleistocene lagoons in the Caribbean. Included are miucroscopic images. Paleobotany/Palynology Home Page

6. Hans' Paleobotany Pages Website on paleobotany (fossil plants) Hans paleobotany Pages. Taxodium near Ellecom. Taxodium at Ellecom (NL) a living fossil. http://www.xs4all.nl/~steurh/home.html

Nederlandse versie Hans' Paleobotany Pages Taxodium at Ellecom (NL): a living fossil. This website is dedicated to fossil plants . The first indications for the existence of land plants date from 470 million years ago, from the Ordovician. The oldest fossils of land plants visible with the naked eye are about 425 million years old, from the Middle Silurian. From this time on the plants spread over the land and the continents turned to green. This was the beginning of an amazing development, which created the terms for animal life on land. On the basis of mainly self-found fossils a view is given of plant life in the Silurian, the Devonian, the Carboniferous and the Permian. Enjoy the beauty and the multitude of forms of long vanished plants! Small animals, living between the plants, are also considered. And now a little bit Mesozoic! Use the index or CONTENTS Silurian - present Silurian Devonian Silurian/Devonian Silurian/Devonian Silurian/Devonian Silurian/Devonian Devonian Devonian Devonian Devonian Carboniferous* Carboniferous* Carboniferous* Carboniferous* Carboniferous* Carboniferous* Carboniferous*/Permian Carboniferous* Carboniferous* Carboniferous* Carboniferous*/Permian Permian Permian - present Jurassic Cretaceous Cretateous - present Pennsylvanian The evolution of plants The oldest land plants (1) The oldest land plants (2) Cooksonia, a very old land plant (1)

7. Paleobotany And Palynology Welcome to the paleobotany and Palynology Home Page of the Florida Museum of Natural History. The paleobotanical holdings of the FLMNH are the largest such http://www.flmnh.ufl.edu/paleobotany/

Florida Museum of Natural History Staff and Alumni Graduate Programs Collection Policies ... Past Meetings Picture of Archaeanthus , a 100 million year old angiosperm. Also, see the fossil. The FLMNH Paleobotanical Collection includes approximately 300,000 specimens. This is a conservative estimate that does not take into account the fact that an individual hand sample may contain more than one fossil of interest. In addition, the facility houses the John W. Hall paleobotanical collection (approximately 20,000 specimens) currently on a long-term loan from the University of Minnesota. The type collection includes all FLMNH paleobotanical specimens that have been cited in published literature, extending from the 1920's to the present. Approximately 183 publications are known to have cited specimens that now reside in the FLMNH paleobotanical collection (a list of these publications is available). There are currently more than 4000 specimens and 1200 thin section slides and SEM stubs (type, figured and cited) housed in ten cabinets. Organization is by year of publication and in the order of citation presented in the publications.

8. Geotimes - July 2002 - Highlights - Paleobotany paleobotany continues to produce a wealth of anatomical, morphological, and systematic studies as well as floristic descriptions, all of which have always http://www.agiweb.org/geotimes/july02/high_paleobotany.html

Highlights Paleobotany Melanie Devore and Kathleen Pigg This story is expanded from the print version. Paleobotany continues to produce a wealth of anatomical, morphological, and systematic studies as well as floristic descriptions, all of which have always been at the heart of the discipline. Significant this year is the publication of Fossil Flora and Stratigraphy of the Florissant Formation, Colorado (Evanoff and others, 2001, Denver Museum of Nature and Science). This volume updates varied aspects of this important Tertiary site, including megafossils, pollen, and wood (papers by E. Leopold and S. Clay-Poole, F. Wingate and D. Nichols, S. Manchester, E. Wheeler) as well as stratigraphy, paleoclimate, and paleoelevation interpretations (E. Evanoff and others, K. Gregory-Wodzicki, H. Meyer). In 2001, paleobotany continued to expand its traditional boundaries to include studies integrating data from fossil plants in order to understand extinction events, past communities, and paleoclimate. Ancient carbon cycles and carbon-dioxide levels Fossil plant data are proving to be invaluable for estimating past carbon-dioxide levels and providing insights on the functioning of ancient carbon cycles. Paleontological data for the diversity of marine animals and land plants was integrated elegantly with a concurrent measure of stable carbon-isotope fractionation for the last 400 million years (D.H. Rothman

9. PALEOBOTANY Documentation of these changes and understanding the reasons for these changes is only part of what paleobotany the study of fossil plants sensu latu (in http://www.colby.edu/~ragastal/Paleobot.htm

A Brief Introduction to PALEOBOTANY Although most of the "green things" that populate our oceans and continents don't have the ability to move about and, hence, grab out attention, the world's biota couldn't exist without these organisms. The Plant Kingdom is the base of Earth's food chain and, as such, is the foundation for all life as we know it today, in the recent past, and in the deep past. That's not to say that today's biota is exactly like that of the past. Indeed, there have been dramatic changes in the base of the food chain since its first appearance. Documentation of these changes and understanding the reasons for these changes is only part of what Paleobotany - the study of fossil plants sensu latu (in the broad sense) - attempts to do. Those scientists who actively pursue study of these seemingly "uninteresting" organisms have devised several approaches to examine life's history that can be separated into two broad categories TRADITIONAL and INTEGRATIVE APPROACHES. Traditional approaches follow methodologies established during and immediately after the Renaissance, while Integrative approaches are based upon methodologies that could only be established following advances in technology of the 20 th Century. Advances in analytical techniques in the next several decades will, once again, change the way in which we approach this and other disciplines but, the traditional approaches will remain basic to all avenues of research. If you don't know how it was preserved, what it is, how it is constructed, and what is its life cycle, you can't take the organism(s) and use it with any amount of credibility for more synthetic approaches in our desire to develop local, regional, and global models of how Earth works.

10. Bibliography Of Paleobotany paleobotany.bio.ku.edu/BiblioOfPaleo.htm 1k - Division of paleobotanyFrom the navigation bar on the left, you can access the search pages for the two databases we maintain, the Bibliography of paleobotany, with more than http://paleobotany.bio.ku.edu/BiblioOfPaleo.htm

11. Plant Glossary - EnchantedLearning.com (Already a member? Click here.) fir Plant Printouts EnchantedLearning.com Botany and paleobotany Dictionary . Botany and paleobotany Dictionary http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/plants/glossary/

Advertisement. EnchantedLearning.com is a user-supported site. As a bonus, site members have access to a banner-ad-free version of the site, with print-friendly pages. Click here to learn more. Become a member of Enchanted Learning. Site subscriptions last 12 months. Click here for more information on site membership. $20.00/year or other amount (directly by Credit Card $20.00/year or other amount (via PayPal $20.00/year or other amount (for sending a check by mail $20.00/year or other amount (for subscribing by school purchase order As a thank-you bonus, site members have access to a banner-ad-free version of the site, with print-friendly pages. (Already a member? Click here. Plant Printouts EnchantedLearning.com Botany and Paleobotany Dictionary Plants A B C D ... Z Click on an underlined word for more information on that subject. If the plant term you are looking for is not in the dictionary, please e-mail us A ABAXIAL Abaxial means being located on the side away from the axis . The abaxial surface of a leaf is its underside. ABSCISIC ACID Abscisic acid is a plant hormone that inhibits growth, causes the abscission of leaves, induces dormancy, closes stomata, and triggers other phenomena in response to adverse conditions.

12. Paleobotany The study of paleobotany involves the investigation of plants and plants pieces in the past. http://archaeology.about.com/od/pterms/g/paleobotany.htm

zOBT=" Ads" zGCID=" test1" zGCID+=" test7" zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') zDO=0 z160=zpreC(160,600);z336=zpreC(336,280);z728=zpreC(728,90);z155=zpreC(336,155);zItw=160 if(thin)gEI('abw').className='thin'; Search Archaeology var h2=document.getElementsByTagName("h2")[0];if(h2.getElementsByTagName("a")[0].firstChild.nodeValue.length>28)h2.className="long"; Home Education Archaeology Email ... Human History More from About.com Browse Archaeology Archaeology Digs Ancient Civilizations Archaeology 101 Archaeologists ... Topics A-Z Search Archaeology Newsletter - Sign up Discuss in My Forum Paleobotany h1 = document.getElementById("title").getElementsByTagName("h1")[0];h1.innerHTML = widont(h1.innerHTML); By K. Kris Hirst , About.com Filed In: Archaeology 101 Glossary P Terms Pa through Pd Definition: The study of paleobotany involves the investigation of the remains of plants and plants pieces in archaeological sites or other landscapes of the past. Obviously, plant matter doesn't stay unchanged over periods of centuries or millennia, but evidence in the form of floral remains such as charred seeds and phytoliths does remain and can provide information on prehistoric diet and climate. Asch, David L. and Nancy B. Asch1978 The economic potential of Iva annua and its prehistoric importance in the Lower Illinois Valley. In The nature and status of ethnobotany. In Anthropological Papers. Richard I. Ford, ed. Pp. 300-341. Ann Arbor: Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan.

13. Newindex paleobotany LABORATORY OF KATHLEEN PIGG. PEOPLE IN THE LAB OUR RESEARCH PROJECTS CLASSES ASU FOSSIL PLANT COLLECTIONS http://lsweb.la.asu.edu/kpigg/

Arizona State University SOLS PALEOBOTANY LABORATORY OF KATHLEEN PIGG PEOPLE IN THE LAB OUR RESEARCH PROJECTS ... LINKS This page recently updated: September 1, 2005 Contact K Pigg at: kpigg@asu.edu

14. Nearctica - Education - Subjects - Plant Fossils GL 310 paleobotany Syllabus. R.A. Gastaldo. This course syllabus is a magnificant introduction to all aspects of paleobotany. Among the weekly schedule for http://www.nearctica.com/educate/subject/pfossil.htm

15. "Living" Paleobotany LIVING paleobotany. From left (five green trees in foreground) Sugar Pine, Ponderosa Pine, Ponderosa Pine, Sugar Pine, Incense CedarAlder Springs Unit http://lovett-pinetum.org/paleobot_living.htm

"LIVING" PALEOBOTANY From left (five green trees in foreground): Sugar Pine, Ponderosa Pine, Ponderosa Pine, Sugar Pine, Incense Cedar-Alder Springs Unit "And there were forests ancient as the hills, Enfolding sunny spots of greenery" Kubla Kahn , by Samuel Taylor Coleridge There are two fascinating and favorite stories about living "fossil trees," which have been widely publicised and often repeated. Much detailed information is available on many easily found websites, so these two narratives will be brief: (A) Metasequoia glyptostroboides (Dawn Rewood): This tree was described from Japanese fossils by Dr. Shigeru Miki, professor of botany at Osaka City University in 1941. There were well known fossil redwoods from 20 million to 100 million years ago, found widely throughout the northern hemisphere from as far north as Spitsbergen Greeland and artic islands of Canada and extending south into Alaska, Western Canada and western U.S. and also present in Europe, Russia and eastern China. It was believed that all of these were the same tree as the California Coastal redwood, Sequoia sempervirens.

16. Paleobotany Of Angiosperm Origins It is just that paleobotanists have only just begun to find and describe permineralizations of these enigmatic seed plants. None of the work on Permian http://www.gigantopteroid.org/html/research.htm

You are here: Paleobotany of Angiosperm Origins E S S A Y C O N T E N T S [ Paleobotany of Angiosperm Origins ] JOHN M. MILLER, PH.D. Having discussed some ideas on the origin of angiosperms from tree- or shrub-like Permo-Triassic seed plant stock, the second part of the web site outlines some of the biodiversity of extinct forms, which might offer some clues on solving the riddle of angiosperm beginnings. A third essay titled, " paleobiogeography of angiosperm origins ," traces seed plant lineages and floras from the Permian Period of Pangaea to continental cratons, fold belts, and island arcs of the Cretaceous Period. The picture of the rock slab to the left is of an indeterminate pentamerous fossil flower (Celastrales, Rosidae) collected by Professor David L. Dilcher from the Lower Cretaceous Dakota Formation of North America. The image was captured in 1981 while the author was visiting Indiana University. The first clue that sheds light on the shadowy origin of flowering plants comes surprisingly from study by oil and gas explorers and geochemists of fossilized biomarkers and molecular traces which are recoverable from mud logs of well boreholes.

17. Paleobotany | World Of Biology paleobotany World of Biology. paleobotany summary with 2 pages of encyclopedia entries, research information, and more. http://www.bookrags.com/research/paleobotany-wob/

Literature Guides Criticism/Essays Biographies Research Anything: All BookRags Literature Guides Teacher Products Essays Criticism Biographies Encyclopedias News History Encyclopedias Films News ... Search "Paleobotany" Contents Navigation Study Pack on Paleobotany Order our Paleobotany PDF Get Paleobotany and the Evolution of Plants from ... Amazon.com Paleobotany About 2 pages (627 words) Paleobotany Summary var addthis_pub = 'bookrags'; Paleobotany Paleobotany is the study of plants that lived in prehistoric times. It largely involves the study of fossils, that is, impressions of plant parts that have been preserved in sedimentary rock or coal. The most ancient plant fossils are of microscopic algae that lived more than one billion years ago, during Precambrian times. Paleobotanists also study much younger plant fossils, such as pollen in recent lake sediment. One of the goals of paleobotany is to discover the earliest occurrences of different kinds of plants in the geological record. This knowledge of sequential occurrence of taxa is then used to develop an understanding of the evolutionary relationships among groups of plants. Other paleobotanists are interested in determining what fossil plants were like, and the kinds of animals that utilized them as food and habitat. This information can also be used to infer the characteristics of the ancient environment, including the type of climatic conditions in which the plants grew. Sometimes paleobotanical knowledge can be used for quite practical purposes, such as the development of fossil-plant indicators that can be used to help locate underground deposits of coal or petroleum.

18. Internet Directory For Botany: Paleobotany, Palynology, Pollen A ComputerAssisted Annotated Bibliography and Preliminary Survey of Nevada paleobotany. Open-File Report 94-441B (Macintosh Version) of the United States http://herba.msu.ru/mirrors/www.helsinki.fi/kmus/botpale.html

INTERNET DIRECTORY FOR BOTANY: PALEOBOTANY, PALYNOLOGY, POLLEN Original location of this page: http://www.helsinki.fi/kmus/botpale.html American Association of Stratigraphic Palynologists from the University of Toronto, Canada. AASP was established in 1967 by a group of 31 founding members to promote the science of palynology. Today AASP has a world-wide membership of about 800 and is run by an executive comprising an elected Board of Directors and subsidiary boards and committees. Asociacion Latinoamericana de Paleobotanica y Palinologia A Computer-Assisted Annotated Bibliography and Preliminary Survey of Nevada Paleobotany by Schorn, H.E., C.J. Bell, S.W. Starratt, and D.W. Wheeler (1994). A Computer-Assisted Annotated Bibliography and Preliminary Survey of Nevada Paleobotany. Open-File Report 94-441B (Macintosh Version) of the United States Geological Survey. Cambridge Plant Evolution and Palaeoecology . Home page of the palaeoecology and evolutionary biology research group in the Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, UK. -

19. Fossil Plant Collection: The Geology Department At The Field Museum The paleobotany collections at Field Museum rank fourth or fifth in size nationally The paleobotanical collections at The Field Museum are an important http://www.fieldmuseum.org/research_collections/geology/plants_col.htm

Paleobotany Collection T he paleobotany collections at Field Museum rank fourth or fifth in size nationally with about 77,800 curated specimens that range in geologic age from Precambrian to Pleistocene. The paleobotanical collections at The Field Museum are an important national and international resource for systematic and evolutionary plant biology. In the past five years these collections have grown by over 10% (ca. 7,800 specimens). Of the recent acquisitions, ca. 41% were added through the activities of Field Museum staff and associates, and ca. 59% were added through the acquisition of scientifically important donated collections. Active field work by Field Museum staff, associates and students during this period has resulted in steady growth of the paleobotanical collection. Systematic Coverage- Most groups of plants are wellrepresented in the paleobotanical collections. Particular strengths include a wide array of Carboniferous taxa, and Cretaceous and Paleogene angiosperms. Geographic Strengths- The paleobotanical collections possess nearly worldwide coverage, but are strongest for North American localities. Within North America the collections are especially strong in Paleozoic material from Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, Ohio and West Virginia, Mesozoic material from Alaska, Utah, Virginia, Maryland, Georgia and Tennessee, and Cenozoic material from Mississippi, Tennessee, North Dakota, Wyoming, Montana and Colorado. Especially significant localities are described below.

20. Paleobotany paleobotany is the scientific study of ancient plants. Paleobotanists learn what plants were like long ago from fossils found in sedimentary rocks. http://www.cmnh.org/site/researchandcollections_Paleobotany.aspx

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