1. Superconductivity - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia superconductivity is a phenomenon occurring in certain materials at extremely low temperatures, characterized by exactly zero electrical resistance and the http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superconductivity

Superconductivity From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation search This article is missing citations or needs footnotes Using inline citations (February 2008) A magnet levitating above a high-temperature superconductor , cooled with liquid nitrogen . Persistent electric current flows on the surface of the superconductor, acting to exclude the magnetic field of the magnet (the Meissner effect ). This current effectively forms an electromagnet that repels the magnet. Superconductivity is a phenomenon occurring in certain materials at extremely low temperatures , characterized by exactly zero electrical resistance and the exclusion of the interior magnetic field (the Meissner effect The electrical resistivity of a metallic conductor decreases gradually as the temperature is lowered. However, in ordinary conductors such as copper and silver , impurities and other defects impose a lower limit. Even near absolute zero a real sample of copper shows a non-zero resistance. The resistance of a superconductor, on the other hand, drops abruptly to zero when the material is cooled below its "critical temperature". An electric current flowing in a loop of superconducting wire can persist indefinitely with no power source. Like

2. Superconductors superconductivity. Energy Science News. Superlative invaluable endlessly informative. - Netsurfer Science. The greatest Superconductor site on http://superconductors.org/

VISITOR ALERT: We have detected that your browser is not Java-enabled. Please enable Java and Java Script by clicking on your Browser's "PREFERENCES" area. If you don't not wish to enable Java, you will not be able to view all of the information available on this website. Java is used extensively. What is a Superconductor ? The History of Superconductors Uses for Superconductors Type 1 Superconductors ... Visitor Stats and Kudos "A great place to start learning about superconductors. Start here!" - Arizona State University One of "the top Internet education sites..." - Innovative Teaching "The best information online about superconductivity." - Energy Science News "Superlative...invaluable...endlessly informative." - Netsurfer Science "The greatest Superconductor site on earth." - Michigan State University Over 1,253,685 Super people have found this Index page since July 2, 1999. SUPERCONDUCTORS.ORG is a non-profit, non-affiliated website intended to introduce beginners and non-technical people to the world of superconductors.

3. A Teacher's Guide To Superconductivity For High School Students Geared towards teachers so they can in turn teach others about superconductivity. Detailed, and a good read for anyone interested in the topic. http://www.ornl.gov/reports/m/ornlm3063r1/contents.html

ORNL/M-3063/R1 A Teacher's Guide to Superconductivity for High School Students By Robert W. Dull Largo High School Largo, Florida and H. Richard Kerchner Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, Tennessee September 1994 TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgments Preface Introduction Historical Background ... [ORNL HOME PAGE] The information owner and the server administrators are listed below if you have questions, comments, or suggestions. An e-mail form is provided with the appropriate links for your convenience. Please include title, URL, or other document descriptor in your message. Also provided are links to the Information Index and to the Harvest search database. H. Richard Kerchner, kerchnerhr@ornl.gov (information owner) (server administrators) Information Index Search Date posted 04/01/96 (ktb)

4. Superconductivity - LearningSpace - OpenLearn - The Open University The fascinating phenomenon of superconductivity and its potential applications have attracted the attention of scientists, engineers and businessmen. http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/course/view.php?id=2397

5. Superconductivity This discovery of superconductivity by H. Kammerlingh Onnes in 1911 was followed by the observation of other metals which exhibit zero resistivity below a http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/solids/scond.html

Superconductivity If mercury is cooled below 4.1 K, it loses all electric resistance. This discovery of superconductivity by H. Kammerlingh Onnes in 1911 was followed by the observation of other metals which exhibit zero resistivity below a certain critical temperature . The fact that the resistance is zero has been demonstrated by sustaining currents in superconducting lead rings for many years with no measurable reduction. An induced current in an ordinary metal ring would decay rapidly from the dissipation of ordinary resistance, but superconducting rings had exhibited a decay constant of over a billion years! One of the properties of a superconductor is that it will exclude magnetic fields, a phenomenon called the Meissner effect The disappearance of electrical resistivity was modeled in terms of electron pairing in the crystal lattice by John Bardeen, Leon Cooper, and Robert Schrieffer in what is commonly called the BCS theory A new era in the study of superconductivity began in 1986 with the discovery of high critical temperature superconductors Index Superconductivity concepts HyperPhysics ... Condensed Matter R Nave Go Back Critical Temperature for Superconductors The critical temperature for superconductors is the temperature at which the electrical resistivity of a metal drops to zero. The transition is so sudden and complete that it appears to be a transition to a different phase of matter; this superconducting phase is described by the

6. Howstuffworks "What Is Superconductivity?" superconductivity is a phenomenon observed in several metals and ceramic materials. Learn how it works. http://science.howstuffworks.com/question610.htm

HowStuffWorks.com RSS Make HowStuffWorks your homepage Get Newsletter Search HowStuffWorks and the web: Science Physical Science Energy Production The greatest need modern civilizations have is energy. Learn about oil, electricity and newer forms of energy like solar and wind power. Related Categories: REFERENCE LINKS PRINT EMAIL What is superconductivity? Superconductivity is a phenomenon observed in several metals and ceramic materials. When these materials are cooled to temperatures ranging from near absolute zero (-459 degrees Fahrenheit, degrees Kelvin, -273 degrees Celsius) to liquid nitrogen temperatures (-321 F, 77 K, -196 C), they have no electrical resistance. The temperature at which electrical resistance is zero is called the critical temperature T c ) and varies with the individual material. For practical purposes, critical temperatures are achieved by cooling materials with either liquid helium or liquid nitrogen. The following table shows the critical temperatures of various superconductors: Material Type T c (K) Zinc metal Aluminum metal Tin metal Mercury metal YBa Cu O ceramic TlBaCaCuO ceramic Because these materials have no electrical resistance, meaning electrons can travel through them freely, they can carry large amounts of electrical current for long periods of time without losing energy as heat. Superconducting loops of wire have been shown to carry electrical currents for several years with no measurable loss. This property has implications for

7. Cookies Required Virtual Journal of Applications of superconductivity, a multijournal compilation, presents articles within the scope of applications of superconductivity to http://www.vjsuper.org/

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8. Superconductivity - Home 2nd year chemistry web project a small web site about the phenomenon of superconductivity. http://www.chemsoc.org/ExemplarChem/entries/igrant/main.html

Welcome to the web site - An introduction to the phenomenon of superconductivity - Navigating the site: The site is divided into sections, each of which can be accessed by the buttons in the top right and at the bottom of each page. The relevant sub-sections for each category are listed below and can be accessed from the submenu for each category - clicking the graphic in the upper left of each page (underneath the title logo) will reveal the floating submenu for that page. Clicking it again hides the menu. Whilst the submenu is visible, you can drag it to wherever you want by simply grabbing it anywhere within the layer that isn't a link and dragging (If you lose it you can get it back by clicking the graphic to hide it and then again to show it, when it will reappear on the right again). The 'next' and 'prev' buttons at the bottom of each page allow you to progress through the site page by page. Site Contents: Home - this page (site contents) What?

9. Superconductivity Authors/titles Recent Submissions Title The unusual thickness dependence of superconductivity in . Title The Optimal Inhomogeneity for superconductivity Finite Size Studies http://arxiv.org/list/cond-mat.supr-con/recent

arXiv.org cond-mat cond-mat.supr-con Search or Article-id Help Advanced search All papers Titles Authors Abstracts Full text Help pages Superconductivity Authors and titles for recent submissions Mon, 31 Mar 2008 Fri, 28 Mar 2008 Thu, 27 Mar 2008 Wed, 26 Mar 2008 ... Tue, 25 Mar 2008 [ total of 26 entries: [ showing 25 entries per page: fewer more all Mon, 31 Mar 2008 arXiv:0803.4059 ps pdf other Title: Effects of chemical pressure on the Fermi surface and band dispersion in the electron-doped high-Tc superconductors Authors: M. Ikeda T. Yoshida A. Fujimori M. Kubota ... H. Takagi Comments: 4 pages, 4 figures Subjects: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con) arXiv:0803.4052 ps pdf other Title: Universal Thermodynamics and Chandrasekhar-Clogston Limit of a Unitary Fermi Gas Authors: Lianyi He Pengfei Zhuang Comments: 4 pages Subjects: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con) arXiv:0803.4041 pdf Title: CuO chain statistics, charge transfer and Tc(x) dependence in YBa2Cu3O6+x, Y0.9(Ca)0.1Ba2Cu3O6+x, and Y0.8(Ca)0.2Ba2Cu3O6+x Authors: V. M. Matic Comments: 10 pages, 2 figures

10. Superconductivity Basics A very interesting set of pages on theory and practice. http://www.americanmagnetics.com/tutorial/basics.html

Superconductivity Basics Superconductivity Conductor Phenomena Magnet Phenomena Characteristics of Superconducting Magnets ... E-Mail AMI

11. ScienceDirect - Applied Superconductivity, Volume 6, Issues 10-12, Pages 483-873 Applied superconductivity Copyright © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved Shortcut URL to this page http//www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/ http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/09641807

Athens/Institution Login Not Registered? User Name: Password: Remember me on this computer Forgotten password? Home Browse My Settings ... Help Quick Search Title, abstract, keywords Author e.g. j s smith Journal/book title Volume Issue Page Applied Superconductivity Shortcut URL to this page: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/09641807 Publication History Title discontinued as of 2000 Add to Favorites setCheckedBoxes ('/scidirimg/sci_dir', 'btn_apply1.gif', 'btn_apply1.gif'); = Full-text available = Non-subscribed What does this mean? Volume 6 (1998 - 1999) Volume 6, Issues 10-12 pp. 483-873 (11 October 1999) Volume 6, Issues 7-9 pp. 285-481 (9 July 1998) Volume 6, Issue 6 pp. 247-284 (June 1998) Volume 6, Issues 2-5 pp. 49-246 (5 February 1998) Volume 6, Issue 1 pp. 1-48 (January 1998) Volume 5 (1997) Volume 4 (1996 - 1998) Volume 3 (1995) Volume 2 (1994) ... Volume 1 (1993) Volume 6, Issues 10-12, Pages 483-873 (11 October 1999) No next vol/iss Article List Full Abstracts articles Index Pages III-VIII PDF (102 K) To Purchase and Download the Full Article , Click PDF View Related Articles Index Pages IX-XI PDF (53 K) To Purchase and Download the Full Article , Click PDF View Related Articles Characteristics of Nb junctions with additional Al/AlO x Pages 483-489 Hideyuki Sugiyama, Keiichi Kobata, Akira Fujimaki and Hisao Hayakawa

12. DOE Superconductivity - Electric Power, Energy, And High-Tc Superconductivity superconductivity, electric power applications of superconductors technology, hightc conductors and other related subject resources. http://www.osti.gov/RETIRED/sup/supindex.html

The Superconductivity (SUP) subject portal is no longer available. Other Subject Portals

13. Superconductivity Home Page This page gives a short introduction to current research of properties of HighTc superconductors . http://www.weizmann.ac.il/home/fnsup/

The Superconductivity Lab Home Research Movies People ... Links Home The group focuses on the study of superconductors. Our main interest is vortex dynamics and vortex matter phase diagram. The materials we investigate are mostly the High-T c superconductors as well as conventional superconductors like NbSe Electrical and magnetic properties of the superconductors are studied using several experimental techniques including local magnetization and susceptibility measurements using arrays of microscopic Hall sensors, transport studies, and magneto-optical measurements. The lab is equipped with various cryogenic and electronic systems for low temperature investigations. We have Hall sensor manufacturing capabilities using the facilities of the submicron center (GaAs MBE, optical and e-beam lithography). In this web site you can read about our research , browse through our publication list , or see who our present and former group members are.

14. National High Magnetic Field Laboratory - Applied Superconductivity Center The Applied superconductivity Center advances the science and technology of superconductivity and particularly superconductivity applications. . http://www.magnet.fsu.edu/scientificdivisions/asc/overview.html

SEARCH Search People Search Pubs Group Members ... Science Highlights Applied Superconductivity Center Latest ASC Research Limits to the Critical Current in Bi Sr Ca Cu ... Tape Conductors: The parallel path model (PowerPoint) We advance the science and technology of superconductivity and particularly superconductivity applications. We do this by investigating low temperature and high temperature materials through our research grants and through our collaborations with other universities, national laboratories and industry. We continually educate post-graduate, graduate and undergraduate students by our research and public service. In 2006, after more than two decades at the University of Wisconsin in Madison, the Center was lured to the Magnet Lab and Florida State University in Tallahassee. Its new facilities are located between the Mag Lab and the , within walking distance of both institutions. This scanning electron/focused ion beam microscope, one of two at the center, is used to develop highly energy efficient superconducting wires and tapes. The Center's work is made possible by generous funding from: Air Force Office of Scientific Research / Multidisciplinary Research Program (AFOSR MURI) For more information contact ASC Director and Chief Materials Scientist David Larbalestier or Scholar/Scientist Peter Lee 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310 - 3706

15. IEEE Xplore Applied Superconductivity, IEEE Transactions On Contains articles on the applications of superconductivity and other relevant technology. Electronic applications include analog and digital circuits http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/RecentIssue.jsp?punumber=77

16. SUPERCONDUCTIVITY superconductivity is a phenomenon observed in several metals and ceramic materials. When these materials are cooled to temperatures ranging from near http://teachers.web.cern.ch/teachers/archiv/HST2001/accelerators/superconductivi

SUPERCONDUCTIVITY Video-sequence These notes have been compiled by Francisca Wheeler and Peter Freilinger during the HST 2001 and are intended for teachers and students in the High School. They are a brief attempt to alert them for an important property of certain materials, which has many applications, from the large accelerators used in the search for fundamental particles, to applications in medicine, in computers, transport, etc... What is superconductivity? Superconductivity is a phenomenon observed in several metals and ceramic materials. When these materials are cooled to temperatures ranging from near absolute zero ( degrees Kelvin, -273 degrees Celsius) to liquid nitrogen temperatures ( 77 K, -196 C), their electrical resistance drops with a jump down to zero. The temperature at which electrical resistance is zero is called the critical temperature T c ) and this temperature is a characteristic of the material as it is shown in the following table: Material Type T c (K) Zinc metal Aluminum metal Tin metal Mercury metal YBa Cu O ceramic TlBaCaCuO ceramic The value of the critical temperature is dependent on the current density and the magnetic field as shown in this picture The cooling of the materials is achieved using liquid nitrogen or liquid helium for even lower temperatures.There is already in this small table a clear separation between the low and high temperature superconductors. While superconductivity at low temperature is well understood, there is no clear explanation as yet of this phenomena at "high temperatures".

17. AIST:RIO-DB Just Moved! www.aist.go.jp/RIODB/sprcnd_etl/DB013_eng_top_n.html Similar pages Welcome to the Center for superconductivity ResearchThis is the home page for the Center for superconductivity Research at the University of Maryland, College Park. This should be your starting point for http://www.aist.go.jp/RIODB/sprcnd_etl/DB013_eng_top_n.html

Superconductivity Papers Database URL : http://www.aist.go.jp/RIODB/sprcnd_etl/DB013_eng_top_n.html had been moved to following URL New URL : http://riodb.ibase.aist.go.jp/sprcnd_etl/DB013_eng_top_n.html After 15 second. I try to display new URL. URL : http://www.aist.go.jp/RIODB/sprcnd_etl/DB013_jpn_top_n.html は下記のURLに 新URL : http://riodb.ibase.aist.go.jp/sprcnd_etl/DB013_jpn_top_n.html

18. ASC 2008: Home Harnessing the Magic. Links to calls for papers, venue. 6 days in Jacksonville, Florida, USA. http://www.ascinc.org/

HOME CONTACT US INTRODUCTION IMPORTANT DATES ... Related Conferences/Websites Welcome to the 2008 Applied Superconductivity Conference Chicago, Illinois USA August 17 - 22, 2008 The Chairmen's Introduction Now Available Call for Papers and Abstract Submission Information Abstract submission is now closed. Exhibit Information Click here to download the ASC 2008 Poster. Please check back occasionally as further updates will be made soon. Last Updated: 03/28/2008 Admin Area Web Design By: Numatek

19. IEEE Technical Council On Superconductivity The IEEE Council on superconductivity, CSC promotes programs and activities that cover the science and technology of superconductors and their applications. http://ewh.ieee.org/tc/csc/

IEEE Home Shop IEEE Join IEEE myIEEE ... Xplore The IEEE Council on SuperConductivity, CSC promotes programs and activities that cover the science and technology of superconductors and their applications. Superconducting applications span the range from small scale analog and digital circuits and systems, to large scale applications of electrical power generation, storage, and transmission. Applications include the development and enhancement of the associated materials. The IEEE CSC distributes technical information mainly through its quarterly publication of the IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity . To subscribe, click here . If you are already an IEEE member, go to the Add Services area of the Membership site. If you are not a member of IEEE, please click here View an important documentary: ABSOLUTE ZERO and THE CONQUEST OF COLD Visit the newly-released Guide to European Superconductivity-Related Activities and European Superconducitivy News Forum IEEE CSC Home IEEE Home Use of this website signifies your agreement to the Terms of Use.

20. Welcome To The Texas Center For Superconductivity At The University Of Houston ( Texas Center for superconductivity at the University of Houston. Banner_1. Research Spotlight. The increasing demand for materials for enantioselective http://www.tcsuh.uh.edu/

About TcSUH Research People Events ... Related Links Texas Center for Superconductivity at the University of Houston Research Spotlight The increasing demand for materials for enantioselective catalysis and separation and the the interest in fundamental aspects of chirality and molecular recognition have stimulated extensive research in the areas of chiral coordination polymers. Read More News Probe To Detect Spread Of Breast Cancer Co-Developed By UH Scientist - Device to Locate Magnetic Nanoparticles in Lymph Nodes Posted: Monday, March 05, 2007 The high times of physics revisited Posted: Monday, March 05, 2007 Winners of the 31st Semiannual TcSUH Spring Student Symposium Announced Posted: Wednesday, May 17, 2006 TcSUH Participates in UH Research and Scholarship Day Posted: Thursday, April 06, 2006 New Memory Storage Devices On Horizon With UH Student's Award-Winning Work Posted: Thursday, February 16, 2006 See More News Our Most Recent Events Mar Bi-Weekly Seminars Electronic Mechanism of Two-Dimensional D-Wave Superconductivity Feb Bi-Weekly Seminars X-ray Scattering Studies of Semiconductor Nanoclusters in Zeolites Feb Special Seminars Chemistry and Physics of Intermetallic Clathrates and Skutterudite-like Compounds Feb Special Seminars Magnetic Resonance Imaging: an Evolving Clinical Imaging Tool Feb Bi-Weekly Seminars The Ultrasensitive SQUID-Based Sensing Applications for Biomedical Imaging and Diagnostics March S M T W Th F S

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