1. Acid Rain - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia Retrieved from http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/acid_rain . Categories Environmental chemistry Precipitation Sulfur http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_rain

Acid rain From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation search Acid rain is rain or any other form of precipitation that is unusually acidic . It has harmful effects on plants, aquatic animals and buildings. Acid rain is mostly caused by human emissions of sulfur and nitrogen compounds which react in the atmosphere to produce acids. In recent years, many governments have introduced laws to reduce these emissions. Contents Definition History Emissions of chemicals leading to acidification Natural Phenomena ... External links Definition The term "acid rain" is commonly used to mean the deposition of acidic components in rain, snow, fog, dew, or dry particles. The more accurate term is "acid precipitation." Distilled water, which contains no carbon dioxide, has a neutral pH of 7. Liquids with a pH less than 7 are acidic, and those with a pH greater than 7 are bases. "Clean" or unpolluted rain is slightly acidic, its pH being about 5.6, because carbon dioxide and water in the air react together to form carbonic acid, a weak acid. H O (l) + CO (g) → H CO (aq) Carbonic acid then can ionize in water forming low concentrations of hydronium ions: O (l) + H CO (aq) CO (aq) + 2H O (aq) The extra acidity in rain comes from the reaction of primary air pollutants, primarily sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides, with water in the air to form strong acids (like sulfuric and nitric acid). The main sources of these pollutants are vehicles and industrial and power-generating plants.

2. What Is Acid Rain And What Causes It? A discussion of the causes and effects of acid rain, and possible policy solutions. http://www.policyalmanac.org/environment/archive/acid_rain.shtml

Almanac of Policy Issues Home Policy Archive Search Sponsored Listings Free Trial Issue - E/The Environmental Magazine : A 10-time Independent Press Awards winner and nominee, E is chock full of everything environmental from recycling to rainforests, and from the global village to our own backyards. Free Trial Issue Questia : Search over 400,000 books and journals at Questia online. FastWeb Free Scholarship Search : Find free money for college or an advanced degree. var site="sm3pwl1776" Adapted from "Acid Rain", Environmental Protection Agency August 6th, 2002 What is Acid Rain and What Causes It? "Acid rain" is a broad term used to describe several ways that acids fall out of the atmosphere. A more precise term is acid deposition, which has two parts: wet and dry. Wet deposition refers to acidic rain, fog, and snow. As this acidic water flows over and through the ground, it affects a variety of plants and animals. The strength of the effects depend on many factors, including how acidic the water is, the chemistry and buffering capacity of the soils involved, and the types of fish, trees, and other living things that rely on the water. Dry deposition refers to acidic gases and particles. About half of the acidity in the atmosphere falls back to earth through dry deposition. The wind blows these acidic particles and gases onto buildings, cars, homes, and trees. Dry deposited gases and particles can also be washed from trees and other surfaces by rainstorms. When that happens, the runoff water adds those acids to the acid rain, making the combination more acidic than the falling rain alone.

3. Acid Rain There are many forms of acid rain that are seen around the world. In parts of the world where there is wet weather, there is acid rain, acid snow, http://library.thinkquest.org/CR0215471/acid_rain.htm

There are many forms of acid rain that are seen around the world. In parts of the world where there is wet weather, there is acid rain, acid snow, and acid fog. In parts of the world where there is dry weather, there is acid gas and acid dust. All of the lakes and streams in the world are normally slightly acidic. Heavy rainstorms or melting snow can cause the acidity in lakes and in streams to increase. What effect does acid rain have on sea life? Acid rain is very harmful to the environment. Acid rain damages everything over a period of time because it makes the living things in the environment die. Acid rain affects the life in the water as well as the life on land. It is almost worse in water than on land because the fish that are in the water need the water to breathe. When the water gets polluted, then the fish get sick and end up dying. All rainwater contains some level of acidity. Acidity is measured by pH, which stands for potential of hydrogen. The pH scale measures the amount of acid in a substance. PH is measured on a scale from 0-14, with 7 being neutral. The lower the number is on the pH scale, the more acidic that substance is. Normal rainwater has a pH of 5.6. When the pH level of rainwater goes below 5.6, it is considered acid rain. All of the sea life will die when the water that they swim in gets to be too acidic. For example, all fish will die when the water goes below a pH of 4.5. Most of the frogs and insects that live around the water will also die when the water reaches a pH of 4.5. With a pH of 5.5, all of the bottom-dwelling bacterial decomposers, animals that eat the remains of the food that other animals don’t want, will begin to die. When these decomposers die, they leave the un-decomposed food on the bottom of the water. This pollutes the water by making the water dirty for all of the fish to swim in. All fresh water shrimp die when there gets to be a pH of 6.0. Aquatic plants will grow the best when the water is a pH between 7.0 and 9.2. If acid rain gets to be more of a problem, then all of the sea life will eventually be gone.

4. Acid Rain - Encyclopedia Of Earth http//www.eoearth.org/article/acid_rain . Editing this Article. EoE Authors can click here to access this article within the editor wiki http://www.eoearth.org/article/Acid_rain

Author Login Encyclopedia of Earth Search Earthportal Earthnews Encyclopedia of Earth Forum EoE Pages Home About the EoE Community of Scholars FAQs ... Reviews Browse the EoE Titles (A-Z) Author Topics Topic Editor ... Collections Acid rain Table of Contents Introduction Precipitation chemistry Effects on surface water quality Chronic acidification ... Further Reading Lead Author: Gene Likens (other articles) Content Source: Environmental Protection Agency (other articles) Article Topics: Air pollution and air quality and Environmental chemistry This article has been reviewed and approved by the following Topic Editors: Wayne Davis (other articles) Lori Zaikowski (other articles) and Stephen C. Nodvin (other articles) Last Updated: November 30, 2007 Introduction Acid rain is a popular term for the atmospheric deposition of acidified rain, snow, sleet, hail, acidifying gases and particles, as well as acidified fog and cloud water. The increased acidity of these depositions, primarily from the strong acids, sulfuric and nitric, is generated as a by-product of the combustion of fuels containing sulfur or nitrogen , especially fossil fuel power plants . The heating of homes, electricity production, and driving vehicles all rely primarily on fossil fuel energy. When fossil fuels are combusted, acid-forming nitrogen and sulfur oxides are released to the

5. Acid_rain - Profile User acid_rain (573804). Send this user a message. . acid_rain View all userpics View all userpics. Name Alex. Website http//www.shiyan.ru http://acid-rain.livejournal.com/profile

Profile User: Send this user a message View all userpics Name: Alex Website: http://www.shiyan.ru Location: Moscow Russian Federation Birthdate: E-mail: mail.ru LJ Talk livejournal.com (Jabber) ICQ UIN: User Profile Memories: 11 entries Interests bicycle books ... Schools Челябинск, Челябинская область, Russian Federation Челябинск, Челябинская область, Russian Federation Friends decanter dimasey eddyss ... shandeegoddess Friend of: carmenvi decanter dimasey divaka ... shandeegoddess Member of: digcam iphonesale Account type Basic Account (more details...) Mini Sitemap: Post to Journal Downloads LJ Gift Shop Safety Tips ... Post to Journal Interest Region FAQ Email IM Info Username: Create an Account Forgot your login? Login w/ OpenID Password: Remember Me

6. Citizens Campaign For The Environment CCE is an 80000member grassroots environmental organization that works to build widespread citizen understanding and advocacy for policies and actions http://www.citizenscampaign.org/campaigns/acid_rain.htm

CAMPAIGNS Acid Rain CCE has been working to fight the devastating impacts of acid rain in New York and Connecticut since 1997. Acid rain is created when fossil fuels are burned, primarily in electric power plants and automobiles, producing sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides. These air pollutants react with water vapor in clouds, oxygen and oxidants in air, forming sulfuric acid and nitric acid. The acids fall to earth in wet form, either as rain, snow or fog, or dry form, as gas or solid particles. The Mechanics of Acid Rain Art by Rani Stack Photo courtesy of The Adirondack Council Photo by Gary A. Randorf Photo courtesy of The Adirondack Council Photo by Jenny Hager CCE has continued working to move a solution to the acid rain problem forward in Congress. In recent years, a growing number of scientific studies have documented the damage that acid rain has caused and the need for additional cuts in sulfur and nitrogen emissions. Most recently, a report from the General Accounting Office on the future impacts of acid rain in the Adirondacks and a cost-benefit analysis of the Acid Deposition and Ozone Control Act by the US EPA have added further compelling evidence on the need for Congress to act quickly to solve the acid rain problem.

7. NASA - Scientists Hunt For Acid Rain And Methane In Wetlands There s a problem with your browser or settings. Your browser or your browser s settings are not supported. To get the best experience possible, http://www.nasa.gov/vision/earth/environment/acid_rain.html

There's a problem with your browser or settings. Your browser or your browser's settings are not supported. To get the best experience possible, please download a compatible browser. If you know your browser is up to date, you should check to ensure that javascript is enabled. Follow this link to skip to the main content NASA - National Aeronautics and Space Administration More Preferences NASA Home ... Print var itemIdAndJSFileURL= 'newsandfeatures_newstopics_earth$/templateimages/redesign/leftnav-htmls/newsandfeatures_.js'; var splitResult = itemIdAndJSFileURL.split("$"); $('menu_item_id').value = splitResult[0]; var url = splitResult[1]; var defPage = '/templateimages/redesign/leftnav-htmls/home_.js'; if(url == '.js') url = defPage; document.write('' + ''); Feature Text Size Scientists Hunt for Acid Rain and Methane in Wetlands Recently scientists from NASA and Open University in the United Kingdom set out to study how acid rain affects the methane gas that comes from wetlands in the U.S., England and Sweden. Animation above: This movie from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency highlights the science of acid rain, and its effects. Click arrow on bottom right to move to next image. Credit: U.S. EPA

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Already a member? Sign in 8197 Soundboards, 110439 Soundbytes Whitest Kids You know, Abe Lincoln - by aCId_rAIn This board is not yet configured Home Categories Comedians Search Boards Website Whitest Kids You Know Abe Lincoln Profile From the "Whitest Kids U Know - Abe Lincoln" Skit. Search Tags Abe Lincoln Whitest Kids You Know Hilarious Skit Playlist Tracks Board Visitors NEW! Soundboard Ringtones Bookmark this Board Share this Board Add to My Favorites URL Download Choose Track... Hes breakin' my butt! Calm down, just calm down! We must check the castle! I drank too much liquid, now I gotta piss! HAMLET, TURN AROUND! HEY! Hey, ACTIE! I'll check the castle... I'm tryin' to be entertained right now! I just saw a vampire! Now you fucked up! Oh Hamlet, Hamlet, Hamlet, Hamlet... OH NO! Mr. President! PLEASE BE QUIET! Turn around and say it again! Shiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiittttt! Was that you string bean?! WHAT?! WHAT?! Who said that?

9. Acid Rain Conference Info Sponsored by the Center for Environmental Information, Inc. May 2 3, 2001 Holiday Inn Capital, Washington, D.C. For more information call CEI at (585) http://www.ceinfo.org/resources/Acid_Rain.html

Home Acid Rain: Are the Problems Solved? Sponsored by the Center for Environmental Information, Inc. May 2 - 3, 2001 Holiday Inn Capital, Washington, D.C. For more information call CEI at: Index Purpose Program Speaker Biographies and Abstracts Mary C. Barber ... Cooperating Co-Sponsors Purpose (top) Passage of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments incorporated a market-based emissions trading program to reduce annual emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides from utilities burning fossil fuels. The program has been effective in reducing emissions at costs below what was expected. Yet current scientific findings and assessments make clear that the problems resulting from acid deposition have not been resolved; and that reductions of the serious on-going ecological and economic impacts of acid deposition-nationwide-require new policy initiatives. This conference will assemble the most current information on the scientific, economic, and policy aspects of acid deposition; inform decision makers about the linkages between acid deposition and hazardous air pollutants, fine particles, ozone, eutrophication, and climate change; and describe the ecological and economic benefits and the compliance costs of reduced emissions to combat adverse impacts of acid deposition on the nation's lakes, streams, fisheries, soils, forests, public health, materials and cultural resources. Program (top) Wednesday, May 2

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12. CiteULike: Tag Acid_rain [2 Articles] posted to scenarios projection pollution nitrogen hotspots endemism agriculture acid_rain by Flit to the group Global_biodiversity_model on 200608-21 http://www.citeulike.org/tag/acid_rain

Register Log in FAQ Sponsored link CiteULike News CiteGeist Discussion Journals Browse current issues Groups Search groups Tag acid_rain [2 articles] Recent papers classified by the tag acid_rain. A Global Analysis of Acidification and Eutrophication of Terrestrial Ecosystems , Vol. 141, No. 1-4. (1 March 2002), pp. 349-382. by AF Bouwman , DP Van Vuuren , RG Derwent , M Posch posted to nitrogen eutrophication acidification by Flit to the group on 2006-10-12 12:34:48 as along with 1 group Atmospheric nitrogen deposition in world biodiversity hotspots: the need for a greater global perspective in assessing N deposition impacts Global Change Biology , Vol. 12, No. 3. (March 2006), pp. 470-476. by Gareth K Phoenix , Kevin W Hicks , Steve Cinderby , Johan C Kuylenstierna , William D Stock , Frank J Dentener , Ken E Giller , Amy T Austin , Rod D Lefroy , Ben S Gimeno , Mike R Ashmore , Philip Ineson posted to scenarios projection pollution nitrogen ... agriculture by Flit to the group on 2006-08-21 14:28:51 as along with 1 group Note: You may cite this page as: http://www.citeulike.org/tag/acid_rain RIS BibTeX RSS Related Tags Tags related to: acid_rain Filter: acidification agriculture endemism eutrophication ... scenarios CiteULike organises scholarly (or academic) papers or literature and provides bibliographic (which means it makes bibliographies) for universities and higher education establishments. It helps undergraduates and postgraduates. People studying for PhDs or in postdoctoral (postdoc) positions. The service is similar in scope to EndNote or RefWorks or any other reference manager like BibTeX, but it is a social bookmarking service for scientists and humanities researchers.

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15. ScienceMaster - JumpStart - Acid Rain Air Pollution Creates Acid Rain. Scientists have discovered that air pollution from the burning of fossil fuels is the major cause of acid rain. http://www.sciencemaster.com/jump/earth/acid_rain.php

Today is JumpStart - Earth Science Environmental Effects of Acid Rain Air Pollution Creates Acid Rain Scientists have discovered that air pollution from the burning of fossil fuels is the major cause of acid rain. Acidic deposition, or acid rain as it is commonly known, occurs when emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) react in the atmosphere with water, oxygen, and oxidants to form various acidic compounds. This mixture forms a mild solution of sulfuric acid and nitric acid. Sunlight increases the rate of most of these reactions. These compounds then fall to the earth in either wet form (such as rain, snow, and fog or dry form (such as gas and particles). About half of the acidity in the atmosphere falls back to earth through dry deposition as gases and dry particles. The wind blows these acidic particles and gases onto buildings, cars, homes, and trees. In some instances, these gases and particles can eat away the things on which they settle. Dry deposited gases and particles are sometimes washed from trees and other surfaces by rainstorms. When that happens, the runoff water adds those acids to the acid rain, making the combination more acidic than the falling rain alone. The combination of acid rain plus dry deposited acid is called acid deposition. Prevailing winds transport the compounds, sometimes hundreds of miles, across state and national borders. Electric utility plants account or about 70 percent of annual SO2 emissions and 30 percent of NOx emissions in the United States. Mobile sources (tranportation) also contribute significantly to NOx emissions. Overall, over 20 million tons of SO2 and NOx are emitted into the atmosphere each year.

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17. Help.com There is 1 person tagged acid_rain. or, see conversations about acid_rain. Are you tagged acid_rain? Join Consumating! http://www.consumating.com/tags/acid_rain

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rym find go! community log in / sign up Artist Release List Review Genre User Label member since November 16, 2006, #151250 Log in to see full profile 19 / Male c pm Listening to mjuzik favorite artists Hawkwind Tangerine Dream King Crimson Pink Floyd ... Black Sabbath other comments kiełbasa i miłość! Search Acid_rain's music for in Artist Release Review Tag Release Year music recent ratings [46] collection [45] ... tags Feb Yes Close to the Edge CD Aug Brian Eno Music for Films CD Aug Tangerine Dream Flashpoint CD Aug Tangerine Dream Poland: The Warsaw Concert CD Jan The Flower Kings Stardust We Are Wishlist more... Ratings: Unrated Owned: Cassette CD Digital Used to Own ... Reviews: 0 Wishlist: 2 items Recommendations Received Given Automatic User Stats ... Visualize contributions Artists on RYM FAQ Chat Terms of Service ... Help

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