41. Afrol News - Northern Africa In Need Of Reforestation On the occasion of the World Day to Combat desertification yesterday, In Tunisia alone the costs of desertification have been evaluated at US$ 100 http://www.afrol.com/articles/12828

Africa News afrol News Frontpage Latest News Subscriptions Countries ... Subscriptions See also: 26.02.2008 - SA elephant cull condemned 31.01.2008 - Illegal ivory trade still rampant 15.12.2006 - Forced environmental migration key issue at desert meeting 20.12.2004 - New hope for Algeria's wetlands ... Tunisia Northern Africa in need of reforestation afrol News , 18 June Algeria and Tunisia are facing heavy costs due to deforestation and erosion, new studies demonstrate. While the Mediterranean area at large is facing desertification, North Africa was already seeing some of the great expenses of this trend. - Ill-conceived land use policies and unregulated management practices in the Mediterranean have resulted in over-exploitation of forest resources, according to the World Wildlife Fund (WWF). "This has led to acute environmental damage, biodiversity loss, and desertification, thus endangering the livelihoods of millions of people." On the occasion of the World Day to Combat Desertification yesterday, the two environmental groups WWF and IUCN had asked Mediterranean national governments to "combat desertification on the ground by restoring forest landscapes and the full range of environmental and socio-economic benefits they provide." In Tunisia alone the costs of desertification have been evaluated at US$ 100 million a year. Tunisia loses 8000 ha of land every year to desertification and Algeria loses 40,000 ha. About 66 percent of rural Mediterranean has a moderate to high risk of soil degradation, according to WWF estimations.

42. Desertification - Hutchinson Encyclopedia Article About Desertification Hutchinson encyclopedia article about desertification. desertification. Information about desertification in the Hutchinson encyclopedia. what is http://encyclopedia.farlex.com/desertification

Domain='thefreedictionary.com' word='desertification';WordListHost='w3.thefreedictionary.com' Printer Friendly 847,615,851 visitors served. TheFreeDictionary Google Word / Article Starts with Ends with Text subscription: Dictionary/ thesaurus Medical dictionary Legal dictionary Financial dictionary Acronyms Idioms Encyclopedia Wikipedia encyclopedia Hutchinson encyclopedia desertification Also found in: Dictionary/thesaurus Wikipedia 0.01 sec. write_ads(AdsNum, 0) desertification Palm and tamarisk trees are planted inside a barrier in an attempt to stabilize the encroaching sand dunes on a palm plantation in southern Morocco and so slow the process of desertification. Natural causes of desertification include decreased rainfall, increased temperatures, lowering of the water table , and soil erosion Sahel region in Africa is one example. hut(2) write_ads(AdsNum, 0) Page tools Printer friendly Cite / link Email Feedback Sign in Email: Password: Register Your Ad Here Mentioned in References in periodicals archive Amazon (river) debt-for-environment swap ecosystem environmental issues ... Western Australia With respect to environmental protection, Toyota engages in afforestation programs to combat desertification and has established the Toyota Environmental Protection Aid Program for China's Youth; in the traffic safety area, Toyota conducts Toyota Driver Communication hands-on safe-driving courses in cooperation with the Chinese Ministry of Public Security.

43. Desertification - Definition From The Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary Definition of desertification from the MerriamWebster Online Dictionary with audio pronunciations, thesaurus, Word of the Day, and word games. http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/desertification

Home Visit Our Sites Unabridged Dictionary Learner's Dictionary ... Contact Us Also Visit: Unabridged Encyclopedia Britannica Visual ESL: Learner's for Kids: Spell It! Word Central Dictionary Thesaurus Spanish/English Medical Search "desertification" in: Thesaurus Spanish/English Medical Dictionary Open Dictionary Browse words next to: desertification Browse the Dictionary: A B C D ... Z desertification One entry found. desertification Main Entry: Pronunciation: Function: noun Date:  the process of becoming desert (as from land mismanagement or climate change) transitive verb Learn more about "desertification" and related topics at Britannica.com Find Jobs in Your City Pronunciation Symbols Products ... Advertising Info

44. Facts And Figures: Desertification And Drought: International Year Of Freshwater The World Day to Combat desertification and Drought, celebrated every year the 17th of June, marks the anniversary of the adoption of the United Nations http://www.wateryear2003.org/en/ev.php-URL_ID=5137&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=2

Newsletter Logo Media Corner FAQ's ... About How to get involved? - first steps - in your everyday life - in your community - at school ... - in the garden Education Corner - by theme Water library - by theme - by region Photo library - by theme ... - by region Facts and Figures - by theme Events calendar - scientific, technical - public awareness Water talks - proverbs - postcards - water, eau, voda ... - myths and stories Facts and Figures: Desertification and Drought The World Day to Combat Desertification and Drought, celebrated every year the 17th of June, marks the anniversary of the adoption of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification ( UNCCD ), in 1992, based on a recommendation of the Rio Earth Summit. What is desertification? The UNCCD defines desertification as the degradation of land in arid, semi-arid and dry sub-humid areas. Desertification occurs in arid, semi-arid and sub-humid areas - where the soils are especially fragile, vegetation is sparse and the climate particularly unforgiving. These areas are inhabited by one fifth of the world’s population. World map of aridity zones Source: CRU/UEA, UNEP/DEWA. Published

45. National Geographic: Eye In The Sky--Deforestation Shows photographs, satellite images, and video clips of deforestation and desertification. http://www.nationalgeographic.com/eye/deforestation/deforestationintro.html

BYPASS INTRODUCTION BYPASS INTRODUCTION

46. GRASSROOTS INDICATORS FOR DESERTIFICATION Experience And Perspectives From Easte This is the central focus of Grassroots Indicators for desertification. The book documents why grassroots indicators should play a key role in the http://www.idrc.ca/en/ev-9320-201-1-DO_TOPIC.html

français Español idrc.ca HOME Publications ... All our books GRASSROOTS INDICATORS FOR DESERTIFICATION Topic Explorer IDRC Books New Development/evaluation ... All our books People Bill Carman ID: Added: Modified: Refreshed: GRASSROOTS INDICATORS FOR DESERTIFICATION Experience and Perspectives from Eastern and Southern Africa Book(s) 183 of 211 GRASSROOTS INDICATORS FOR DESERTIFICATION Experience and Perspectives from Eastern and Southern Africa Edited by Helen Hambly and Tobias Onweng Angura IDRC ISBN Out of print e-ISBN 1-55250-286-4 180 pp. "Knowledge is power" has become a common but true cliché in development research. And, as two sides of the same coin, "knowledge sharing" and "power sharing" lie at the root of many development problems, including drought and desertification. But what of grassroots knowledge? Measures or signals of environmental quality or change recorded by individuals, households, and communities are derived from local systems of observation, practice, and indigenous knowledge. They are grassroots indicators and, used effectively, may lead to the creation of new and more accurate development indicators, as well as improved processes for both planning and monitoring. This is the central focus of Grassroots Indicators for Desertification . The book documents why grassroots indicators should play a key role in the monitoring, evaluation, and reporting systems for sustainable development and, more specifically, in efforts to reverse desertification and other forms of land degradation. It also shows how their use would encourage local control of the generation and use of knowledge.

47. August 5, 2003: China Losing War With Advancing Deserts An Asian Development Bank assessment of desertification in Gansu Province reports Arresting desertification may depend more on grass than trees—on both http://www.earth-policy.org/Updates/Update26.htm

August 5, 2003-6 China Losing War With Advancing Deserts Lester R. Brown China is now at war. It is not invading armies that are claiming its territory, but expanding deserts. Old deserts are advancing and new ones are forming, like guerrilla forces striking unexpectedly, forcing Beijing to fight on several fronts. And worse, the growing deserts are gaining momentum, occupying an ever-larger piece of China's territory each year. Desert expansion has accelerated with each successive decade since 1950. China's Environmental Protection Agency reports that the Gobi Desert expanded by 52,400 square kilometers (20,240 square miles) from 1994 to 1999, an area half the size of Pennsylvania. With the advancing Gobi now within 150 miles of Beijing, China's leaders are beginning to sense the gravity of the situation. Overplowing and overgrazing are converging to create a dust bowl of historic dimensions. With little vegetation remaining in parts of northern and western China, the strong winds of late winter and early spring can remove literally millions of tons of topsoil in a single day soil that can take centuries to replace.

48. Reuters AlertNet - Global Plan Tackles Neglected Issue Of Desertification China, which is plagued by sandstorms every spring, has embarked on a campaign to plant billions of trees and says it s slowing the rate of desertification, http://www.alertnet.org/db/blogs/40453/2007/08/27-130219-1.htm

@import "/bin/css/rcom2005.css"; @import "/bin/css/rcom2006rebranded.css"; @import "/bin/css/tabs.css"; @import "/bin/css/AN2006.css"; @import "/bin/css/rcom-master.css"; var redirectbrowser = '/upgradebrowser.htm'; AlertNet change Low graphics Mobile Login Select an Edition: United States Japan Germany United Kingdom ... Spain Mon Oct 1 11:58:10 2007 HOME News Blogs Pictures ... EMERGENCIES Choose a crisis Aceh peace Afghan turmoil African hunger AIDS in Africa AIDS in Americas AIDS in Asia AIDS in E.Europe/C.Asia AIDS in M.East AIDS pandemic Angola recovery Bird flu Burundi transition Cambodia recovery Central African Republic troubles Chad troubles Chechnya war Chikungunya Colombia displacement Congo (Brazzaville) troubles Congo (DR) conflict Cyclone Gonu Darfur conflict Dnestr-Moldova dispute E. African floods E. African hunger East Sudan insurgency East Timor nation-building Eritrea-Ethiopia border Ethiopia Ogaden crisis Georgia, Abkhazia, S. Ossetia Guinea unrest Haiti troubles Hurricane Dean Hurricane Felix Hurricane Henriette Hurricane Humberto Hurricane Ivo Hurricane Katrina Hurricane Lorenzo Hurricane Stan India's northeastern clashes Indian Maoist violence Indian Ocean tsunami Indonesia earthquakes Indonesia mudflow Intense hurricane Felix Iraq in turmoil Israeli-Palestinian conflict Ivory Coast unrest Java earthquake 2006 Kashmir dispute Kenya land clashes Kosovo future Latin America floods Lebanon crisis Liberian reconstruction Madagascar cyclones Malaria Marburg virus Meningitis Myanmar displacement Nagorno-Karabakh conflict Nepal peace Niger hunger

49. Restoring Soil Carbon Can Reverse Global Warming, Desertification And Biodiversi Restoring the ability of soil to store carbon by promoting native grasses and vegetation can help reverse global warming, desertification and biodiversity http://news.mongabay.com/2008/0221-soil_carbon_lovell_interview.html

Restoring soil carbon can reverse global warming, desertification and biodiversity loss mongabay.com February 21, 2008 Restoring the ability of soil to store carbon by promoting native grasses and vegetation can help reverse global warming, desertification and biodiversity loss, says an Australian researcher. Tony Lovell of Soil Carbon P/L in Australia estimates that by actively supporting regrowth of vegetation in damaged ecosystems, billions of tons of carbon dioxide can be sequestered from the atmosphere. In February 2008, Lovell discussed the potential of soil carbon restoration. Mongabay: What are the advantages of increasing the capacity of soil to store carbon? Lovell: In arid and seasonally dry areas, continuous grazing creates disasters like that on the left. Returning to herding-style management with long recovery periods between grazings heals the land (right) Determining how much carbon dioxide (CO2) can physically be consumed from the atmosphere? LEFT: This river in Zimbabwe used to flow year-round. Then overgrazing by wandering livestock bared much of the soil in the surrounding area. Today the river flows only as flash floods following heavy rains. Biodiversity loss is severe, livestock are starving, and most wildlife has disappeared. RIGHT: This nearby river had similar problems. It now has water year-round, and flows during most of the year. Drought is rare, biodiversity is increasing, and wildlife has reappeared in large numbers. Soil Carbon P/L notes that capturing just 1 mm more rain per year means: 1 liter more usable water per square meter; 10,000 liters more water per hectare; 1,000,000 liters more water per square kilometer; Less drought, because more water stays in the soil to recharge rivers, springs, and wells; and more forage, because plants can also use that water.

50. Agriculture & Rural Development - Desertification Drylands cover more than 40% of the world s surface but are increasingly being affected by desertification. desertification is land degradation in arid, http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/TOPICS/EXTARD/0,,contentMDK:20452543~pa

var templatePathPrefix = "http://siteresources.worldbank.org/"; Home Site Map Index FAQs ... Topics Search All Home Topics Desertification document.domain = "worldbank.org"; About Us Strategy Topics Regions ... WDR 2008: Agriculture for Development Resources Contact Us Adobe Acrobat Reader Desertification Drylands cover more than 40% of the world's surface but are increasingly being affected by desertification. Desertification is land degradation in arid, semi-arid and dry sub-humid areas resulting from climatic variations and human activities. It occurs because drylands are extremely vulnerable to over-exploitation and inappropriate land use (for example, deforestation, overgrazing, bad irrigation practices...) Desertification can lead to increased poverty, loss of land productivity, loss of biodiversity, internal and/or cross-border migrations of people, etc. More than 250 million people are directly affected by desertification. A further 1.1 billion people in more than 100 countries, many of which are World Bank development partners, are at risk from desertification. Data show that areas affected by desertification also tend to have the poorest, most marginalized and politically weak citizens. In response, the international community negotiated the Convention to Combat Desertification (CCD), which was ratified in 1996. As of March 2002, 179 Country Parties have signed the Convention. The CCD's framework focuses on human survival and conservation of natural resources and emphasizes multi-stakeholder commitment, participation, interdisciplinarity, and partnerships.

51. Desertification | CitizenPowered.org desertification, the degradation of arable land into unarable desert, is an under recognized international crisis. “Chief causes are deforestation, http://www.citizenpowered.org/content/desertification

@import "/sites/all/modules/date/date.css"; @import "/sites/all/modules/directory/directory.css"; @import "/sites/all/modules/fckeditor/fckeditor.css"; @import "/sites/all/modules/jstools/tabs/drupal-tabs.css"; @import "/sites/all/modules/jstools/tabs/tabs.css"; @import "/sites/all/modules/jstools/collapsiblock/collapsiblock.css"; @import "/sites/all/modules/logintoboggan/logintoboggan.css"; @import "/sites/all/modules/og/og.css"; @import "/sites/all/modules/tagadelic/tagadelic.css"; @import "/sites/all/modules/uieforum-5.x-1.x-dev/uieforum/css/style.css"; @import "/sites/all/modules/views_bonus/views_bonus_tag_cloud.css"; @import "/modules/aggregator/aggregator.css"; @import "/modules/node/node.css"; @import "/modules/system/defaults.css"; @import "/modules/system/system.css"; @import "/modules/user/user.css"; @import "/sites/all/modules/activeselect/cck/content.css"; @import "/sites/all/modules/activeselect/cck/fieldgroup.css"; @import "/sites/all/modules/event-5.x-1.0/event/event.css"; @import "/sites/all/modules/panels_accordion/rsvp/rsvp.css"; @import "/modules/comment/comment.css";

52. The Creeping Desert / IPS Inter Press Service MADRID Legislatures have been taken to task over their track record in addressing desertification, this at the eighth session of the Conference of the http://ipsnews.net/new_focus/desert/index.asp

Homepage Latest News Search Languages ... About Us Friday, April 04, 2008 03:02 GMT - Global Affairs - Africa - Asia-Pacific Afghanistan ... - Email News What is RSS? ENGLISH ARABIC DEUTSCH ITALIANO ... Text Only D esertification could force some 60 million to migrate from sub-Saharan Africa to Northern Africa and Europe by 2020. More than 250 million people worldwide directly suffer the effects of desertification, and another 1.2 billion in 110 countries are threatened by this degradation of otherwise arable and habitable land caused by climate change and by unsustainable land-use practices like overgrazing, deforestation and burning. IPS offers insights into a phenomenon that is undermining development in Africa and around the world, and which requires the immediate attention of the international community and local peoples alike. AFRICA MUST BE HEARD ON CLIMATE CHANGE by Wangari Maathai W hile in wealthy countries the looming climate crisis is a matter of concern, in Africa, which has hardly contributed to climate change, it is a matter of life and death, writes Wangari Maathai, the 2004 Nobel Peace Laureate, member of Kenya’s Parliament and the founder of the Green Belt Movement.

53. Desertification And Drought :: United Nations System-Wide EARTHWATCH This publication was initiated and compiled by the secretariat of the United Nations Convention to Combat desertification (UNCCD) as part of a Global http://earthwatch.unep.net/desertification/index.php

About Us UN Partners home contact ... News Environmental Issues Agriculture Atmosphere Biodiversity Biotechnology ... Toxic Chemicals Emerging issues Land degradation Major Assessments FAO-GEF-UNEP-UNCCD Land Degradation Assessment in Drylands Preparatory Process The GEF in partnership with FAO, UNEP, Global Mechanism of the UNCCD and other partners, has provided resources to catalyse an international undertaking in supporting a Land Degradation Assessment in Drylands (LADA) project to develop and test an effective assessment methodology for land degradation in drylands. The LADA Secretariat is hosted by FAO: http://www.fao.org/ag/agl/agll/lada/ UN Agriculture, Land and Desertification - Report of the Secretary-General UN, 2001. E/CN.17/2001/PC/13 Prepared by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations as task manager for chapters 10 and 14, and the United Nations Environment Programme as task manager for chapter 12, of Agenda 21, with contributions from other United Nations agencies and international organizations and major groups. UNCCD Implementing the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in Africa :Ten African Experiences UNCCD, 2006.

54. The Future Is Green: Word Desertification Day Every June 17 is recognized as World Day to Combat desertification by the United Nations. This year the day s theme was the linkages between climate change http://greenfuture.blogspot.com/2007/06/word-desertification-day.html

@import url("http://www.blogger.com/css/blog_controls.css"); @import url("http://www.blogger.com/dyn-css/authorization.css?targetBlogID=5744235"); The future is Green Thoughts on the coming of a society that is in balance with nature and the magnitude of the problems in the way; facing the reality that the present world's population has moved beyond the earth's carrying capacity, the looming peak in world oil production, green alternatives, and the least painful paths to a sustainable society. Wednesday, June 20, 2007 Word Desertification Day Every June 17 is recognized as World Day to Combat Desertification by the United Nations. This year the day's theme was the linkages between climate change and desertification. This past April, the UN's top scientific authority on global warming warned that higher global temperatures could significantly worsen desertification by changing rainfall patterns, melting glaciers and diminishing snow melt that the world's major rivers depend upon. China, one of the world's worst hit countries , has seen thousands of Chinese villages disappear before its expanding deserts. The problem has been made worse by the legacy of Mao's Great Leap Forward, which sought to make China a self sufficient food producer by bringing marginal lands under cultivation. However, overuse of the land and

55. Desertification: Monitoring & Forecasting Text and video reports about remote monitoring in the arid southwest region of United States. General details about desertification, forecasting, http://www.evsc.virginia.edu/desert/

56. Deforestation, Desertification, And The Drought In West Africa Zheng and Eltahir (1997) studied the response of the monsoon system to deforestation and desertification using a simple model. The results suggest that the http://web.mit.edu/eltahir/www/deforestation.html

Deforestation, Desertification, and the Drought in West Africa The region of West Africa has experienced significant changes in land cover during this century, ranging from deforestation near the Atlantic coast to desertification near the border with the Sahara desert. Satellite image of vegetation types in Africa The same region has been experiencing a significant drought during the last few decades, with below normal levels of rainfall observed almost everywhere within West Africa. This drought has been associated with weakening of the monsoon circulation. Ranifall Fluctuations in West Africa (1901-1990), expressed as regionally averaged standardized departures, Nicholson (1993) Eltahir and Gong (1996) proposed a general framework for describing the role of biosphere-atmosphere-ocean interactions. It emphasizes the role of the gradient in boundary layer moist static energy (entropy) between ocean and land in modulating the dynamics of the monsoon. A schematic of the proposed land-atmosphere-ocean interaction in West Africa.

57. Teaching Activities Desert dwellers (MP/UP) Students will compare flora, fauna, people and ways of life in deserts in different parts of the world; desertification (UP/LS) http://www.globaleducation.edna.edu.au/globaled/go/cache/offonce/pid/2004;jsessi

Australian Aid Children's rights Desertification Education ... Desertification Teaching activities Desert dwellers Desertification Evaporation Reversing desert... ... Teaching activities Desertification teaching activities Desert dwellers (MP/UP) Desertification (UP/LS) Desertification Learning Quest: Engulfed in a sea of sand (LS) Deserts Learning Quest (UP) ... Turning back the sands (UP/LS) Curriculum links Australian Capital Territory New South Wales Northern Territory Queensland ... National Year levels LP Lower primary years MP Middle primary years UP Upper primary years LS Lower secondary years U/Sec Upper secondary years Legal Information Contact Admin Last Modified : Monday, 13 August 2007

58. Circle Of Blue: Reign Of Sand United Nations Convention to Combat desertification World Bank Study, Cost of Pollution in desertification and Environmental Health Trends in China http://www.circleofblue.org/reign/

AC_FL_RunContent( 'codebase','http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=9,0,28,0','width','700','height','610','title','Main Page','src','banner','quality','high','pluginspage','http://www.adobe.com/shockwave/download/download.cgi?P1_Prod_Version=ShockwaveFlash','movie','banner' ); //end AC code Multimedia: Grass to Dust: Interactive Map Image Gallery: Desert's Will Articles: Way of Life Turns to Dust A Track to Modern Nomads Blackwater Drinking Milk Tea Videos: Blackwater Reign of Sand Looking Out on My Homeland Desert Overtaking Inner Mongolia Useful links: U.S. Embassy Report, Grapes of Wrath in Inner Mongolia, May 2001 United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification ... Reaching Across the Water: Sustainable River Basin Governance in China Share: Send to a Friend Home Suggest a Story Stories Blogs ... User Agreement and

59. Desertification Information System To improve the capacity of national administrations of Mediterranean countries to effectively program measures and policies to combat desertification and http://dismed.eionet.europa.eu/

Desertification Information System to support National Action Programmes in the Mediterranean (DIS/MED) 1. Project purpose: To improve the capacity of national administrations of Mediterranean countries to effectively program measures and policies to combat desertification and the effects of drought. 2. Background The United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) The UNCCD assigns particular relevance to the identification of criteria for the formulation and implementation of the National Action Programmes A n inter-regional workshop on the Desertification Information Systems for planning needs in the Mediterranean area was held in November 1998 in Marrakech, Morocco, jointly sponsored by the UNCCD Secretariat, the Authorities of Morocco and Italy. It convened representatives of Northern Mediterranean and of Northern Africa countries, as well as international and sub-regional organizations. The participants to the Marrakech workshop recommended to the Northern Mediterranean and the Northern African countries to explore the possibility of establishing an operational information system for planning purposes, to potentially service all Mediterranean partners, taking into account the existing local capacities and facilities. They also urged countries to establish a close collaboration for the harmonisation of the methodologies of exchange of information related to all aspects of land degradation. Tackling the problem of land degradation in the Mediterranean is a complex task due to the co-existence of various causes at different levels. In particular, the interlacing of institutional and technical causes entails to address both aspects at the same time.

60. Rural Poverty And Desertification Every year 12 million ha of land are lost to desertification, and the rate is increasing. desertification is a major environmental problem that is advancing http://www.ruralpovertyportal.org/english/topics/desertification/index.htm

Powered by IFAD updated: 14 September, 2007 About the portal contact us sitemap Rural poverty and desertification When fragile land in arid regions is overexploited by the demands of an expanding population, it loses its productive capacity. The results are devastating. Land degradation affects more than 1 billion people and 40 per cent of the earth’s surface. In the severest cases the land becomes infertile and useless, precipitating famine and drought. Every year 12 million ha of land are lost to desertification, and the rate is increasing. Desertification is a major environmental problem that is advancing at an alarming pace. Arid and semi-arid areas cover roughly one third of the earth’s surface. These dryland regions, which may or may not border on deserts, receive little or no rainfall. Their ecosystems are fragile and are easily stressed beyond their already limited capacity. In the past such regions were home to small groups of herders and small-scale farmers. The land was grazed intermittently and was left to lie fallow at intervals. Now dryland areas are increasingly subject to the pressures of a growing human population. The causes of desertification are many and complex, but it is essentially inappropriate and excessive human activity that initiates the process. Competition for land and limited resources lead to unsustainable land management practices. In some cases migration as a result of conflict puts undue pressure on fragile areas. In other cases it is mining that causes the initial damage.

A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O  P  Q  R  S  T  U  V  W  X  Y  Z

Page 3     41-60 of 77    Back | 1  | 2  | 3  | 4  | Next 20