1. Fungus - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia An illustrated article from Wikipedia on this Kingdom which covers organisms as diverse as mushrooms, bakers yeast, wood decay fungi and penicillium. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fungus

Fungus From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation search For the fictional character, see Fungus the Bogeyman . For the music genre, see Fungi (music) Fungi Fossil range: Early Silurian - Recent Clockwise from top left: Amanita muscaria , a basidiomycete; Sarcoscypha coccinea , an ascomycete; black bread mold , a zygomycete; a chytrid; a Penicillium conidiophore Scientific classification Domain: Eukarya (unranked) Opisthokonta Kingdom: Fungi L. , 1753) R.T. Moore, 1980 Subkingdoms/Phyla Chytridiomycota Blastocladiomycota Neocallimastigomycota Glomeromycota ... Dikarya (inc. Deuteromycota Ascomycota Basidiomycota A fungus pronounced /ˈfʌŋgəs/ ) is any eukaryotic organism that is a member of the kingdom Fungi pronounced /ˈfʌndʒaɪ/ The fungi are heterotrophic organisms characterized by a chitinous cell wall , and in the majority of species, filamentous growth as multicellular hyphae forming a mycelium ; some fungal species also grow as single cells . Sexual and asexual reproduction is commonly via spores , often produced on specialized structures or in fruiting bodies . Some fungal species have lost the ability to form specialized reproductive structures, and propagate solely by

2. Fungi More than 70000 species of fungi have been described; however, some estimates of total numbers suggest that 1.5 million species may exist (Hawksworth, 1991; http://www.tolweb.org/Fungi

Complete Containing Groups Eukaryotes Life on Earth Other Eukaryotes Choanoflagellates Animals Fungi Stramenopiles Alveolates Rhodophyta Green plants ... The other protists Subgroups Basidiomycota Ascomycota Glomeromycota Zygomycota ... Rozella spp. Fungi Eumycota: mushrooms, sac fungi, yeast, molds, rusts, smuts, etc. Meredith Blackwell, Rytas Vilgalys, Timothy Y. James, and John W. Taylor This tree diagram shows the relationships between several groups of organisms. The root of the current tree connects the organisms featured in this tree to their containing group and the rest of the Tree of Life. The basal branching point in the tree represents the ancestor of the other groups in the tree. This ancestor diversified over time into several descendent subgroups, which are represented as internal nodes and terminal taxa to the right. You can click on the root to travel down the Tree of Life all the way to the root of all Life, and you can click on the names of descendent subgroups to travel up the Tree of Life all the way to individual species. For more information on ToL tree formatting, please see

3. Introduction To The Fungi Brief introduction to this kingdom with links to further information. http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/fungi/fungi.html

Introduction to the Fungi Of athlete's foot, champignons, and beer. . . The Kingdom Fungi includes some of the most important organisms, both in terms of their ecological and economic roles. By breaking down dead organic material, they continue the cycle of nutrients through ecosystems. In addition, most vascular plants could not grow without the symbiotic fungi, or mycorrhizae , that inhabit their roots and supply essential nutrients. Other fungi provide numerous drugs (such as penicillin and other antibiotics), foods like mushrooms, truffles and morels, and the bubbles in bread, champagne, and beer. Fungi also cause a number of plant and animal diseases: in humans, ringworm, athlete's foot, and several more serious diseases are caused by fungi. Because fungi are more chemically and genetically similar to animals than other organisms, this makes fungal diseases very difficult to treat. Plant diseases caused by fungi include rusts, smuts, and leaf, root, and stem rots, and may cause severe damage to crops. However, a number of fungi, in particular the yeasts, are important "model organisms" for studying problems in genetics and molecular biology. Click on the buttons below to learn more about the Fungi.

4. Tom Volk's Fungi, Including Mycology, Molds, Morels, Fungus Of The Month, IAQ, I Welcome to my fungus web page! I hope you will enjoy learning something about lots of different kinds of mushrooms and other fungi. http://botit.botany.wisc.edu/toms_fungi/

Welcome to my fungus web page! I hope you will enjoy learning something about lots of different kinds of mushrooms and other fungi. April 1, 2008 - It 's been more than a year and a half since my heart transplant! For those of you who don't know, after having heart problems for several years, on May 22, 2006, I was fortunate enough to receive a new heart at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester!!! I am doing quite well. Thanks for all of your support. I really appreciate it. You can read more at my health update page. (There's a new update [and a picture of me] Nov 21, 2007). Even though I may never know who they are, I am very grateful to the person and the family who donated their heart to me. You can click on the ribbon to the right to find out how to become an organ donor in your state. Please sign up and potentially share your life with others. Thanks! The fungus of the month for April is Profollias downhoki , a recently discovered organism that is the missing link between fungi and plants! We need your help! We are doing some experiments with the black tulip fungus

5. Fungi fungi. BACKYARD fungi. False Turkey Tail Fungus, Stereum complicatum. The Many Kinds of fungi How fungi Kinds of Backyard fungi You Might Find http://www.backyardnature.net/f/2fungi.htm

BACKYARD FUNGI The Many Kinds of Fungi How Fungi Get Their Food Hyphae Mushroom Basics ... Eating mushrooms Kinds of Backyard Fungi You Might Find: Gill Fungi Pore Fungi Tooth Fungi Chanterelles ... Bread Mold Fungus " Imperfect Fungi " Mycorrhiza Return to the HOME PAGE

6. Fungi Perfecti® Gourmet And Medicinal Mushrooms fungi Perfecti is a Certified Organic company specializing in gourmet and medicinal mushrooms and mushroomrelated products. http://www.fungi.com/

See the newest additions our Web site Truffles, chocolates and other gourmet mushroom delights! Mushroom posters, playing cards, clothing and other unique mushroom gifts The Stamets Seminars on mushroom cultivation and Mycorestoration (sm) Save big with fantastic deals on clearance items! Mycotechnology: mycofiltration, mycoremediation and beyond... Mushroom cultivation equipment and supplies for both hobbyists and professionals Visit Fungi Perfecti's online Mushroom Information Center Review Fungi Perfecti's customer service and privacy policies Mushroom kits, books and other products specially for kids! A brief introduction for Fungi Perfecti Certified Organic, ready-to-grow Indoor Certified Organic mushroom extracts, capsules, teas and other products Grow gourmet and medicinal mushrooms on logs and stumps for healthy plants and soils Mushroom cultivation texts, identification guides and more Pure mushroom sawdust spawn

7. Fun Facts About Fungi Home Contains fact sheets with photos and fun activities for kids. http://www.herbarium.usu.edu/fungi/FunFacts/factindx.htm

Hosted by the Utah State University Intermountain Herbarium Welcome to the Hidden Kingdom! We find fungi so fascinating that we wanted to share some fun facts about fungi with you. Fungi both cure and cause disease. They determine what plants grow in your yard and in forests, and keep us from being buried in waste. Some fungi taste great others can kill you! Experiments, Puzzles, Games Fun Facts About Fungi Teacher's Guide Meet the Authors Fun Facts Awards Page Last update: 14 May 2003.

8. Types Of Microbes: Fungi Details about fungi, including yeasts, mushrooms and molds. http://www.microbeworld.org/microbes/fungi/

Virus or Bacterium? Types of Microbes Where They Live Discovery Timeline ... Discovery Timeline Fungi Fungi straddle the realms of microbiology and macrobiology. Armillaria ostoyae The only above-ground signs of the humongous fungus are patches of dead trees and the mushrooms that form at the base of infected trees. Courtesy of the USDA Forest Service. The only above-ground signs of the humongous fungus are patches of dead trees and the mushrooms that form at the base of infected trees. Courtesy of the USDA Forest Service. It started out 2,400 years ago as a single spore invisible to the naked eye, then grew to gargantuan proportions by intertwining threads of cells called hyphae Under a microscope, hyphae look like a tangled mass of threads or tiny plant roots. This tangled mass is called the fungal mycelium, and is the part of the famous honey mushroom that spreads for miles underground. If mushrooms and other fungi can get so huge, why mention them on a site about microorganisms? Visible fungi such as mushrooms are multicellular entities, but their cells are closely connected in a way unlike that of other multicellular organisms. Plant and animal cells are entirely separated from one another by cell walls (in plants) and cell membranes (in animals). The dividers between fungal cells, however, often have openings that allow proteins, fluids and even nuclei to flow from one cell to another. A few fungal species have no cell dividers: just a long, continuous cell dotted by multiple nuclei spread throughout.

9. Natural Perspective: Fungus Kingdom An introduction to fungi and some of the divisions which make up this kingdom. http://www.perspective.com/nature/fungi/

Page 7 of 38 Natural Perspective The Fungus Kingdom (Last modified: 3 Jan 2002) In addition to the beauty of mushrooms, fungi provide a critical part of nature's continuous rebirth: fungi recycle dead organic matter into useful nutrients. Sometimes the fungus doesn't wait for the biomatter to die, in which case the fungus is called a parasite. Many plants, however, are dependent on the help of a fungus to get their own nutrients, living in a symbiotic relationship called a mycorrhizal association . Plants aren't the only ones, however, to enjoy fungi Fungi digest food outside their bodies: they release enzymes into the surrounding environment, breaking down organic matter into a form the fungus can absorb. Mycorrhizal associates benefit from this by absorbing materials digested by the fungi growing among their roots. Fungi reproduce by releasing spores from a fruiting body. The fruit, called a mushroom, releases spores into the air, and the wind carries the spores off to start the next generation. Around 100,000 species of fungi are divided into five phyla, based largely on the characteristics of their reproductive organs. Club Fungi ( Basidiomycota When people think of mushrooms, the fruit of Basidiomycota probably comes to mind. Many mushrooms in this phylum look like umbrellas growing from the ground or like shelves growing on wood, but some, such as the

10. Dr. Fungus: Fungi, Fungus, Fungal Images info on fungi; How fungus infects people, animals, plants; How fungal infections are treated with antifungal drugs. http://www.doctorfungus.org/

- Select A Category - The Fungi Mycoses Drugs Laboratory About Us Welcome to Doctor Fungus, your on-line reference to all things mycological!! The Official Website of the Mycoses Study Group Fungi can cause a wide variety of infections. In People In Animals In Plants Yeast infections ... (Chronic Candidiasis) As reported in merck.com Date: Sept. 17, 2007 In a clinical study involving its investigational use for pediatric empirical therapy CANCIDAS® (caspofungin acetate) had a safety and efficacy profile generally similar View News Archive New! What fungus causes mycosis fungoides? Answer You see the word for filamentous fungus written as both 'mold' and 'mould.' Which is correct? Which species name has been associated with the most different genera? Answer More Mycology Factoids October 28 - 31, 2007 Torino, Italy ... Please Register!! How do indoor fungi relate to human health problems? General Discussion Stachybotrys and toxic moulds Sick Building Syndrome Homeowners FAQ There are over 100,000 species of fungi. General Discussion Pictures of Fungi Descriptions of Fungi Fungal Synonyms From Allylamines and other non- azole ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitors to Antimetabolites, Azoles, Glucan Synthesis inhibitors, Polyenes and miscellaneous systemic agents.

11. The Amazing Fungi During my career as a biology professor at Palomar College I have probably had more questions about fungi than any other plant group. http://waynesword.palomar.edu/ww0504.htm

Wayne's Word Index Noteworthy Plants Trivia ... Search Can Anyone Indentify This Fungus Image? Unknown Fungus Images The Amazing Kingdom Of Fungi Major Subtopics To Be Discussed: Stinkhorn Fungi That Attract Blow Flies Soil Fungi: World's Largest Living Organisms? The Kombucha Mushroom: Elixir Of Life Fungal Galls: Causing Strange Plant Growths ... Wayne's Word Index Fungus Links Introduction D uring my career as a biology professor at Palomar College I have probably had more questions about fungi than any other plant group. Often it is someone calling on the telephone about a strange blob that has suddenly appeared in their backyardand they are wondering if it is edible, poisonous, or does it pose any threat to their family or house. Because of the difficulty in identifying strange fungi by a lay person, I usually do not recommend trying them in your favorite culinary recipe. [WPA, 12 Jan. 1996] Yellow parasol mushrooms ( Lepiota lutea O f all the five major kingdoms of living organisms on earth, the fungi certainly contain some of the most bizarre and fascinating species. Mycology is the study of fungi, and much of the current research in this field is at the molecular level. For example, molecular mycologists are trying to piece together the very complex interrelationships between fungal taxa using comparative DNA sequencing. You have probably heard about some of these modern techniques (PCR and RFLP) if you followed the infamous O.J. Simpson Trial. There are about 100,000 known species of mushrooms, rusts, molds, mildews, stinkhorns, puffballs, truffles and other organisms assigned to the Kingdom Fungi, and hundreds of new species are described each year. They come in an astonishing variety of shapes, colors and sizes, from brilliant red cups and orange jellylike masses to strange fungi resembling golfballs, bird nests with eggs, starfish, parasols and even male genitalia (see next paragraph).

12. MykoWeb: Mushrooms, Fungi, Mycology MykoWeb information on mushrooms and other fungi, mycophagy, and mycology primarily for the amateur. Includes descriptions, photographs, recipes, http://www.mykoweb.com/

Introduction Welcome to MykoWeb , WWW pages devoted to the science of mycology (the study of the fungi) and the hobby of mushrooming (the pursuit of mushrooms). It is a production of Michael Wood , a past president of the Mycological Society of San Francisco MykoWeb was started in the fall of 1995 and was one of the first internet mycology mushrooming sites. The Fungi of California The main attraction at MykoWeb is The Fungi of California , an expanded version of the former "Fungi of the San Francisco Bay Area". The Fungi of California contains photographs over species of fungi found in California, with over of the species with descriptions. There are currently over total photographs of the mushrooms. Included are links to other online descriptions and photos of the species treated plus references to common field guides. Also included is a Glossary of mycological terms and a Bibliography of useful mycological references. The Fungi of California is a joint project of Michael Wood and Fred Stevens. Reprinted Books MykoWeb has republished two books that are mycological treasures, but long out of print in book form. The first appears here as

13. Biological Diversity 4 fungi are classified by their method of reproduction (both sexual and asexual). . Mycorrhizae are fungi (usually a zygomycete or basidiomycete) symbiotic http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/BIOBK/BioBookDiversity_4.html

BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY: FUNGI Table of Contents Body Plans and Nutritional Mode Classification of Fungi Chytridiomycota Zygomycota ... Fungi are almost entirely multicellular (with yeast, Saccharomyces cerviseae , being a prominent unicellular fungus), heterotrophic (deriving their energy from another organism, whether alive or dead), and usually having some cells with two nuclei ( multinucleate , as opposed to the more common one, or uninucleate , condition) per cell. Ecologically this kingdom is important (along with certain bacteria) as decomposers and recyclers of nutrients. Economically, the Fungi provide us with food (mushrooms; Bleu cheese/Roquefort cheese; baking and brewing), antibiotics (the first of the wonder drugs, penicillin, was isolated from the fungus Penicillium ), and crop parasites (doing several million dollars per year of damage). Fungi are also important aiders of plant root function, as mycorrizhae . Examples of this diverse group are shown in Figure 1. Figure 1. Examples of fungi. These images are from http://www.cinenet.net/users/velosa/thumbnails.html

14. CalPhotos: Fungi This form accesses 2630 images of fungi. A variety of organizations and individuals have contributed photographs to CalPhotos. Please be aware that these http://calphotos.berkeley.edu/fungi/

CalPhotos: Fungi view photos Query CalPhotos Browse Images Plants Fungi ... Animals more info About CalPhotos FAQ Using the Photos Photographers ... Lists of Photos Browse lists: scientific names common names Browse photos: Photos sorted by scientific or common name This form accesses usage guidelines provided with each image. To look for photos, choose a name from one of the lists above, or complete any combination of the fields below and then click Search . You can also use the Custom Query Form for advanced queries. Name Enter all or part of a name (case unimportant) Photo Type any fungi (2361) lichen (211) mold (69) Location free text description of place. Example: Yosemite Continent any Africa (1) Antarctica (1) Asia (325) Europe (136) North America (2087) South America (8) Country any Antarctica (1) Argentina (5) Brazil (3) Canada (62) Croatia (3) Greece (2) Italy (64) Luxembourg (1) Madagascar (1) Mexico (1) Netherlands (1) Romania (4) Russian Federation (325) Slovenia (58) Spain (3) United States (2021) US State any Alaska (7) California (1764) Colorado (3) Iowa (1) Idaho (77) Montana (12) Nevada (1) New York (17) Oregon (111) Utah (2) Vermont (3) Washington (16) Wyoming (7) Cal. County

15. Pathogenic Fungi fungi include moulds, yeasts and higher fungi. All fungi are eukaryotic and have sterols but not peptidoglycan in their cell membrane. http://www.microbiologybytes.com/iandi/6a.html

MicrobiologyBytes : Pathogenic fungi Updated: April 23, 2007 Search Pathogenic Fungi Aims and Objectives After reading this document, you should: Describe the basic physical characteristics and reproduction of fungi. Name the fungi of medical importance. Describe the diseases associated with fungi of medical importance. Describe the basic methods used to diagnose fungal infections. Describe the mechanisms of action of the common antifungal drugs. General Characteristics Fungi include moulds, yeasts and higher fungi. All fungi are eukaryotic and have sterols but not peptidoglycan in their cell membrane. They are chemoheterotrophs (requiring organic nutrition) and most are aerobic. Many fungi are also saprophytes (living off dead organic matter) in soil and water and acquire their food by absorption. Characteristically they also produce sexual and asexual spores. There are over 100,000 species recognised, with 100 infectious agents of man. Moulds are composed of numerous, microscopic, branching hyphae known collectively as a mycelium. Growth occurs from the apical tip, the apical vesicles contain materials and enzymes for the formation of new hyphal wall. Older hyphae are less biochemically active and contain many

16. MICH Fungus Collection Fun Facts About fungi can now be reached through links on the home page of the website of The Intermountain Herbarium, Utah State University, or directly by http://www.herb.lsa.umich.edu/kidpage/factindx.htm

Fun Facts About Fungi can now be reached through links on the home page of the website of The Intermountain Herbarium , Utah State University, or directly by clicking here Please update your bookmark. ... Last Update: 10 Mar 2006

17. FungiPhoto.com Mushroom Photo Catalog Beautiful, educational, and artistic photographs of mushrooms and other fungi by Taylor F. Lockwood. Includes an online game and a stock photo catalogue. http://www.fungiphoto.com/

MUSHROOM STOCK PHOTO CATALOG FOR TAYLOR'S DVDs, BOOK, POSTERS, CARDS and other items Click here to go to his online store, KingdomofFungi.com. Over 4,000 high resolution image files available of Morels, Chanterelles, Boletes, Wild Mushrooms, Edible Mushrooms, Medicinal Mushrooms, Mushrooms Cooking, Mushrooms on the Cuttingboard and many more. For slower connections, Click Here For "clean" FPOs, licensing, or other information, contact Taylor Lockwood at: (800) 958-5809 or (707) 937-2004 (PST) or email (for spam control this must be keyed in) ©2006 Taylor F. Lockwood MUSHROOMS BY BOTANICAL NAME A B C D ... Austroboletus betula B TO TOP Badhamia utricularis Badhamia utricularis Bolbitius vitellinus ... Boletus zelleri C TO TOP Calostoma cinnibarina Cantharellus cibarius Cantharellus cibarius ... B DEF TO TOP Dictyophora duplicata Dictyophora duplicata Dictyophora indusiata ... Fomes sp. G TO TOP Ganoderma lucidum Ganoderma lucidum Ganoderma lucidum ... Gyromitra montana H TO TOP Helvella lacunosa Helvella macropus Hericium coralloides ... Hypomyces lactifluorum IKL TO TOP Isaria sp.

18. Fungal Databases, Systematic Mycology And Microbiology Laboratory The U.S. National Fungus Collections (BPI) are the repository for over one million FungusHost Distributions. This database includes reports of fungi on http://nt.ars-grin.gov/fungaldatabases/

DHTML JavaScript Website Pull Down Navigation Menu By Milonic Plant Sciences Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Fungal Databases - Quick Search 1. For advanced searches select one of the databases above OR 2. Quickly search all the databases using a SINGLE name Enter a complete name (no wildcards) Examples: Alternaria porri, Alternaria porri f. sp. solani OR Enter the first four letters of the species epithet Is this a fungus? or a host name? Use synonyms English Specimens in the U.S. National Fungus Collections . The U.S. National Fungus Collections (BPI) are the repository for over one million fungal specimens worldwide and are the largest such collections in the world. Information associated with these specimens constitute an enormous data resource, especially about plant-associated fungi. Data from the labels ofmore than750,000of the specimens have been entered into a database. These labels have information on the host on which the fungus was found and the locality in which the specimen was collected. Sixty percent of these specimens are from the United States and thus represent a large body of information about the fungi in this country. Data entry has been completed for the Uredinales (rusts), the Ustilaginales (smuts), the Polyporales (polypores), the Deuteromycetes (imperfect fungi), the Ascomycetes, and the C.G. Lloyd collections. Recent progress has been made in the computerization of specimens of the agarics and the"lower" fungi including the Oomycetes and Chytridiomycetes. Fungus-Host Distributions . This database includes reports of fungi on vascular plants and plant products according to their distribution by state (for the U.S.) and country taken from over 12,000 literature sources. Currently the database contains 78,000 fungal taxa on 54,000 vascular plant hosts representing 310,000 unique host-fungus combinations. Over 300 countries and territories are included. Records are continuously added as new publications are received. This database was used to produce the book

19. Forest Pathology - Fungi You may be asking yourself, Why do I need to learn about fungi? I want to learn about tree diseases and what to do about them. Good question. http://www.forestpathology.org/fungi.html

Fungi Three chief characteristics of fungi: basic structural unit is almost always hypha (a, b) reproductive propagule almost always spore (c, usually single-celled) nutrition is heterotrophic and absorptive (they secrete enzymes that break down organic matter, then absorb soluble products) Other important characteristics: mostly multicellular mostly non-motile rigid cell wall usually containing chitin indeterminate growth What role do fungi play in the forest? saprobes pathogens symbionts ( mycorrhizae lichens You may be asking yourself, "Why do I need to learn about fungi? I want to learn about tree diseases and what to do about them." Good question. You will find that fungi are overwhelmingly the most important pathogens of trees. In order to understand the diseases they cause, how the disease spreads, etc., you have to understand the fungi themselves to some extent. If you are to understand diseases, it is important that you work very hard, now, to master the overall classification of the fungi and the related details. Do it now and really make sure you've got it. If you wait, you will build your knowledge of forest pathology on a shaky foundation. It's up to you. You should know well the phyla and most of the subgroups.

20. Fungi The Fifth Kingdom s, samples and reviews of mycological books and......A profusely illustrated exploration of all major groups of fungi and their relevance to humans. http://www.mycolog.com/

Be sure to check out Dr. Nag Raj's: Coelomycetous Anamorphs with Appendage-Bearing Conidia "This book seems destined to become a mycological classic... Sydowia All About Fungi Welcome to Mycologue Publications Explore this site and find over 800 images of fungi online as an introduction to our compact mycological encyclopedia, The Fifth Kingdom . These online images illustrate mushrooms, mycorrhizas, medical mycology, yeasts, lichens, food spoilage, fermented foods, plant diseases, symbioses with animals, and edible, poisonous, and hallucinogenic fungi. To quickly have many of your questions about fungi answered please check out this handy list of FAQ's .... Questions About Fungi Here are some of the informative topics found on this site. Taken from the mycological textbook "

A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O  P  Q  R  S  T  U  V  W  X  Y  Z

Page 1     1-20 of 75    1  | 2  | 3  | 4  | Next 20