1. Howstuffworks "How Semiconductors Work" semiconductors form the heart of modern electronics. Learn about semiconductors, silicon, doping, diodes and other fascinating technologies. http://www.howstuffworks.com/diode.htm

HowStuffWorks.com RSS Make HowStuffWorks your homepage Get Newsletter Search HowStuffWorks and the web: Computer Computer Hardware CPU CPU is a well-known acronym in the computing world, but what is in them? Learn more about CPUs, including the differences between Pentium and Celeron processors, or how graphics cards work. Related Categories: REFERENCE LINKS PRINT EMAIL How Semiconductors Work by Marshall Brain Inside This Article Introduction to How Semiconductors Work Doping Silicon Diodes and Transistors Lots More Information See all ... articles Semiconductors have had a monumental impact on our society. You find semiconductors at the heart of microprocessor chips as well as transistors. Anything that's computerized or uses radio waves depends on semiconductors. Today, most semiconductor chips and transistors are created with silicon . You may have heard expressions like "Silicon Valley" and the "silicon economy," and that's why silicon is the heart of any electronic device. Clockwise from top: A chip, an

2. NXP Semiconductors NXP semiconductors Founded by Philips. NXP Privacy policy Terms of use. ©2006-2008 NXP semiconductors. All rights reserved. Bookmark Copy link. http://www.nxp.com/

Home About NXP News In Focus ... my.NXP Select site: English Global site English Country site Austria France Germany Netherlands Search Advanced search Home About NXP News ... my.NXP Products Applications Analog Audio Automotive Connectivity ... Other MIFARE Plus provides a Classic upgrade For the cost-sensitive automated fare collection and access management markets, NXP's new MIFARE Plus smart card IC introduces new security and performance benchmarks as well as offering an easy upgrade path for MIFARE Classic implementations. Read more ... NXP BookmarkCopy link

3. Semiconductors - Integrated Circuits - Electrical Components ON Semiconductor supplies a broad portfolio of semiconductors, electrical components and electronic devices, including discrete devices and integrated http://www.onsemi.com/

Contact Us Company Investors Careers Part #/Keyword Cross-Reference HOME PRODUCTS DESIGN SUPPORT APPLICATIONS ... QUALITY My ON: Sign In or Register Power Management (2884) Off-Line Controllers (232) Flyback / Forward Fixed Frequency (85) ... Translators (29) AMIS Acquisition ON Semiconductor Has Acquired AMIS All online products and services formerly owned and operated by AMIS are available via this link or at www.amis.com Applications Automotive Circuit Protection ... Automotive Process Documentation 2.5 V/3.3 V Differential 2 x 10 Crosspoint Clock Driver with SDI Programmable Output Selects Selects between one of two input clocks on each of the 10 differential output pairs Typical input clock frequency > 2.0 GHz; 200 ps typical rise and fall times 800 ps typical propagation delay; outputs are optimized for minimal (150 ps) output-to-output skew and low jitter Dual 2.0 and 3.0 A Integrated Switching Regulators with Sequencing Auto-tracking and sequencing to meet critical timing and sequencing requirements without additional circuitry Externally adjustable switching frequency from 200-750 kHz in the NCP3120/NCP3121, and 1000-2200 kHz in the NCP3122/NCP3123; switching 180° out-of-phase for reduced input capacitance requirement

4. Semiconductors Take a basic tour of semiconductor physics! » semiconductors is presented with the support of Cisco Systems, Internet infrastructure partner. http://nobelprize.org/educational_games/physics/semiconductors/

Nobel Foundation Nobel Media Nobel Museum Nobel Peace Center ... Prize in Economics Semiconductors Shockley, Bardeen and Brattain, the men behind the transistor, were awarded the 1956 Nobel Prize in Physics. With the invention of the transistor, the extraordinary usefulness of semiconductors was recognized. For users: 16 + Plug in requirements: Credits Semiconductors is presented with the support of Cisco Systems, Internet infrastructure partner. Printer Friendly Tell a Friend Educational Games - The Nobel Prize in Physics The Integrated Circuit Laser Liquid Crystals The Transistor Simulations Microscopes Readings Accelerators Energy from Matter Imaging Life Observing the World of Particles ... X-rays About the Educational Outreach Program Read about the Educational Outreach Program Teachers' Questionnaire Global Sponsor Our Sponsors var so = new SWFObject("/images/shortcuts/shortcut_lessing.swf?rand=158", "Flash", "160", "260", "8.0.24.0"); so.addParam("quality", "best"); so.addVariable("CalendarDate", "2008-03-31"); so.write("banner_zone158"); The youngest Nobel Laureate Do you have a list of Nobel Laureates?

5. Semiconductors A workshop module on scientific principles, resources and references on semiconductors. http://matse1.mse.uiuc.edu/sc/sc.html

Semiconductors Acknowledgments Foreword Introduction What are Semiconductors? ... MAST Home Page

6. Semiconductors So what happens with semiconductors? They reside somewhere in the middle. They are mostly made of atoms that don t conduct electricity, but they have a http://www.pbs.org/transistor/science/events/semics.html

var gaJsHost = (("https:" == document.location.protocol) ? "https://ssl." : "http://www."); document.write(unescape("%3Cscript src='" + gaJsHost + "google-analytics.com/ga.js' type='text/javascript'%3E%3C/script%3E")); Electrons Vacuum Tubes Conductors Quantum Mechanics Semiconductors Germanium Diodes The Point Contact Transistor ... The Chip Semiconductors Metal conducts electricity; rubber doesn't. Gold conducts electricity; Styrofoam doesn't. Most materials fall easily into one category or the other. Everyone knows, for example, that if you want a good wire you're going to make it out of copper, not plastic. But there's a whole group of materials that fall in between. Their conductivity is in between metals and insulators. And their conductivity can be modified transiently, by shining a light on them or injecting charges. They're known as semiconductors, and they first became interesting to physicists in the late 1920s. At first no one could figure out how they worked. Scientists once thought that certain atoms simply held onto their electrons more strongly than others. But as physicists got a better understanding of what an atom looked like, they understood what was really going on.

7. Cypress Semiconductor Produces a wide range of semiconductors including programable logic devices, memory, chipsets and networking ICs. http://www.cypress.com/

All Software Developer Kits Evaluation Boards Application Notes ... Products Programmable Products: PSoC Port Expander High-Brightness LED Solutions Application Specific Clocks ... Neuron Chip Network Processor Fixed Function Products: Memory Async SRAMs Dual-Ports FIFOs ... MySupport Site Search Technical Documentation (Google) Technical Support(Requires Login) Part Cross Reference Obsolete/Replacement Part Search Advanced Search Close [x] Search tips These examples show common ways to specify search criteria: Approach Sample Input/Output Part of Words Input: John* (You must include at least three characters.) Output: JohnM, Johnny, JohnDevries ANDS, ORs, NOTs Input: (holiday OR vacation) AND schedule NOT 2001 Output: 2002 Holiday Schedule, Scheduling Vacation Phrases Input: "holiday schedule" Output: holiday schedule (Exact phrase matches.) Proximity Input: early retirement Output: Plan early for your retirement. Programmable Products: USB Controllers RF/Wireless Fixed Function Products: SRAMs MultiPorts Non Volatile Memories Physical Layer Devices ... Image Sensors Order Get Samples Buy Devices Download Software Buy Kits ... InstaClock programmable clock kit : Standard freq- uencies in 60 seconds or less.

8. Power Management ICs, Power Semiconductors, Signal Path ICs, Lighting And Displa Fairchild Semiconductor is the leading global supplier of high performance products that optimize system power to multiple end markets and enables the http://www.fairchildsemi.com/

Return to Home Careers Sitemap Home DATASHEETS, SAMPLES, BUY ... MY FAIRCHILD Please click on the links below to access datasheets, order samples or buy products. Please click on the links below to access technical information about products. Please click on the links below to access Fairchild solutions to the listed applications. Application Notes Cross Reference Search Design Tools Evaluation Boards ... View Shopping Cart Power Management ICs AC-DC: Power Factor Correction Continuous Conduction Mode (CCM) PFC Controllers Critical (CrCM) / Boundary Conduction Mode (BCM) PFC Controllers PFC + PWM Combination (Combo) Controllers Isolated DC-DC Green-Mode PWM Controllers Integrated Green-Mode PWM Regulators (Green FPS™) Integrated PWM Regulators (FPS™) Primary-side only CV/CC Controllers ... Standard SMPS PWM Controllers Non-Isolated DC-DC Charge-Pump Converters Multi-phase Controllers Step-down Controllers (External Switch) Step-down Regulators (Integrated Switch) ... Step-up Regulators (Integrated Switch) Power Drivers High Voltage Gate Drivers (HVIC) Low-Side Gate Drivers Synchronous Rectifier Controllers / Drivers Synchronous-Buck / Multi-phase Drivers Supervisory / Monitor ICs Ground Fault Interrupt (GFI) Controllers Supervisors + PWM Temperature Sensors Voltage Supervisors / Detectors / Stabilizers Voltage Regulators LDOs Positive Voltage Linear Regulators Negative Voltage Linear Regulators Shunt Regulators Power Semiconductors Bridge Rectifiers Rectifiers Small Signal Diodes Transient Voltage Suppressors ... Zener Diodes Integrated Power Solutions

9. Semiconductor Devices These pages are intended to describe the basic structure and general properties of semiconductor devices. We will not be showing such devices in working http://www.play-hookey.com/semiconductors/

Home www.play-hookey.com Mon, 03-31-2008 Digital Logic Families Digital Experiments Analog ... Test HTML Direct Links to Other Semiconductors Pages: Basic Semiconductor Structures: Basic Semiconductor Crystal Structure The PN Junction The Transistor Field Effect Transistors (FETs): Junction FET Depletion Mode MOSFET Enhancement Mode MOSFET Adding More Junctions: The Four-Layer Diode The Silicon Controlled Rectifier The Silicon Controlled Switch The Diac and Triac Specialized Devices: A Touch of Physics Specialized Diodes The Unijunction Transistor Semiconductor Devices These pages are intended to describe the basic structure and general properties of semiconductor devices. We will not be showing such devices in working circuits in this set of pages; other pages already under development will serve that purpose. However, I have received a number of inquiries on the order of "What is a MOSFET?" and "What's inside a transistor?" This set of pages is intended to answer such questions. In some cases we'll be dealing with some rather technical terms, and we will sometimes have to deal with some essential concepts involved in physics. More general explanations and definitions will also be given, so if you don't need the technical definitions, don't worry about them. The terms are present in case you actually need them.

10. Safety And Health Topics: Semiconductors semiconductors Public Safety and Health Topic Page. http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/semiconductors/index.html

U.S. Department of Labor www.osha.gov [skip navigational links] Search Advanced Search A-Z Index Safety and Health Topics: Semiconductors In Focus Hot Topics Less than 40 years old, the semiconductor industry has expanded greatly. Due to rapid changes in this industry, manufacturing processes and their associated hazards may change completely every few years. These changes make hazard assessments more difficult to complete and require that they be conducted more often. Common hazards may include exposure to solvents, acid and caustic solutions, toxic metals, and radiation. The following questions link to resources that provide safety and health information about semiconductors. What standards apply? Where can I find examples of hazards and possible solutions? Hazards and Solutions Where can I find additional information? In Focus Hot Topics Silicon Device Manufacturing . OSHA (2004), 2 pages. These pages review the processes, potential hazards, and possible solutions involved in silicon device manufacturing. Gallium Arsenide Device Manufacturing . OSHA (2004), 1 page. These pages review the processes, potential hazards, and possible solutions involved in gallium arsenide device manufacturing.

11. Semiconductor Applet Services Educational applets in solidstate materials, semiconductors, devices, and simple circuits. http://jas.eng.buffalo.edu/

About Educ Applets Info Java-related Semicond. Web sites Education Higher Ed. Resources Semiconductor Links Java API Research XRD Sites Mater. Res. Fed Agency UB Library ... Device Applets Sponsors: Awards (Supported in part by the National Science Foundation) List of Simulation Applets Crystal Structure Zincblende and Diamond structures ( GaAs, Si, etc.) : unitcell with a list of material property . It gives you the 3D views of the unitcell and the covalent bonds. Hexagonal Closed Packed structures (ZnS, GaN, SiC, etc.). An interactive 3D view of the crystal unitcell. Crystal Structure and the 14 Bravais Lattices (java1.3): you can add various Basis atoms, rotate the crystal with one or multiple unitcells for a 3D view. It has many example crystals. You can also view the lattice planes and directions. Crystal Structure in Java 3D ! (Java3D plugin maybe needed: use link in page) Energy Bands and Charge Carriers Visualization of diffusion, drift and recombination of excess minority carriers in a semiconductor. Indirect recombination via an energy state in the band gap . It also introduces the four basic processes in the Shockley-Read-Hall statistics. Energy Band Diagram and E- k Diagram AlGaAs SiGe Charge Carriers and Fermi Level [Semiconductor Statistics] Fermi Function and Localized Energy States and the Temperature effect.

12. AKM Semiconductor, Mixed-Signal Semiconductors A leading supplier of mixedsignal integrated circuits for audio, video, networking and wireless communications. http://www.akm.com/

Japan Europe U.S.A. China Japan Europe U.S.A. China ... Asia

13. Zetex - Home Page Manufacturers of high performance transistors, diodes, ICs and MOSFETs. Specializing in analog applications. http://www.zetex.com/

search Zetex.com All search options Home Product Applications ... Help Check distributor stock Contact Zetex sales office Careers Other contacts Latest products 20V N-channel enhancement mode MOSFET in DFN322. 30V N-channel enhancement mode MOSFET in SOT23. 20V N-channel enhancement mode MOSFET in SOT23. Other new products click here Latest news Zetex wins China business award Zetex Semiconductors has won the Greater China Business Award 2008 for the North West of England region. more Tailored email and postal updates Subscribe now Design tools Parametric search X-ref search Part mark search Calculators ... Packaging Circuit simulator Free downloadable simulator allows you to draw a circuit and test in simulation prior to prototyping. more Quality Reliability Chemical content reports Quick links Datasheet quickfinder Product brochures Give us your feedback Spotlight Reduced component count and compact reference design for MR16 replacement lamps using multiple 1W LEDs more Precision voltage regulation for ultra-low noise applications.

14. Vishay - Manufacturer Of Discrete Semiconductors And Passive Components Manufacturer of analog switches, capacitors, diodes, inductors, integrated modules, power ICs, LEDs, power MOSFETs, resistors and thermistors. http://www.vishay.com/

@import "/home.css"; @import "/sa.css"; Part or keyword Analog multiplexers Analog switches Attenuators Capacitors ... Weighing systems Ultra High Precision Foil Resistors Electrostatic discharge (ESD) >25 kV Prototype Fastlane Service: Turnaround time in just 48 hours More info Ultra high precision EPIC: Electro-Pyrotechnic Initiator Chip Resistor Features no fire/all fire ratio up to 70 % Meets the demanding needs of pyrotechnic engineers Applications include automotive safety systems, mining and demolition systems, military pilot ejection systems More Info Datasheet MOSFETs With V GS = 1.2-V On-Resistance Rating - Industry's First On-resistance ratings at Vgs = 1.2 V align MOSFET turn-on voltage with 1.2 V and 1.3 V digital ICs Ultra-low on-resistance at 1.2 V and 1.5 V ratings Single n- and p-channel device options Ultra-small packages, down to 1.5 mm x 1.5 mm More Info 1.2 V Rated On-Resistance MOSFETs 1.5 V Rated On-Resistance MOSFETs Industry-First Chip Scale Schottky Diodes: FlipKY Extremely small footprint: 1/5 to 1/10 of SMA Ultra-low height profile: 0.5 mm to 0.6 mm

15. IGBTs SCRs GTOs Diodes Power Semiconductors - Dynex Semiconductor Dynex Semiconductor is a manufacturer of power semiconductors. Products include; IGBTs, SCRs, GTO Thyristors, Fast Recovery and Rectifier diodes, http://www.dynexsemi.com/

IGBT Modules FRD Modules i2 Phase Control SCRs Phase Control Thyristors ... Employment Dynex Semiconductor Click here for more information on i2 Dynex Semiconductor power semiconductor products are used to improve the reliability and control of electrical energy in power generation and distribution systems; marine and rail propulsion and auxiliaries; induction heating and industrial motor drives. NEWS: March 31, 2008 Dynex Announces Strategic Transaction March 17, 2008 Dynex Power Inc. Issues Share Options to Officers We welcome your comments about this service, please send them to: power_solutions@dynexsemi.com

16. MUSIC Semiconductors MUSIC semiconductors,Internet, wireless network performance,hubs, routers, bridges, switches,network equipment manufacturers. http://www.music-ic.com/

Welcome to MUSIC Semiconductors MUSIC Semiconductors, Inc. develops and markets ICs that improve Internet and wireless network performance. Within hubs, routers, bridges or switches, wherever an address or routing decision is made, MUSIC devices minimize the time necessary to redirect data and multimedia to the next destination. Best known for their signature Content Addressable Memory (CAM) technology, MUSIC's CAM products accelerate packet transmission by making a direct address match instead of searching for destination information. After an innovative decade, MUSIC's product breadth makes such functionality available to a wide range of network equipment manufacturers. What's New? June '06 new CAM evaluation tool June '05 Official Lead-free announcement June '05 MU9CxK64 PCN letter MUSIC to replace Motorola MCM69Cx32 Application Note MUSIC offers Lead-free 'Green' packages that are fully RoHS compliant products... MUSIC believes that the pressure to eliminate lead in electronic interconnections from both the legislative and competitive sides will continue and eventually become a major industry requirement. This prompted MUSIC to plan out its lead-free / green package qualification program as early as 2002. Guided by the worldwide lead free regulations and legislations, the qualification activities were initiated hand in hand with MUSIC's industry partners.

17. Analog Technologies, Semiconductors, Digital Signal Processing - Texas Instrumen Texas Instruments Analog Technologies; semiconductors, Digital Signal Processing Texas Instruments Incorporated is the world leader in digital signal http://www.ti.com/

Semiconductors DSP - Digital Signal Processing Data Converters Interface ... Wireless Find technical documents by product: Select Product Group DSP - Digital Signal Processing Data Converters Interface Logic Microcontrollers (MCU) Power Management RF/IF and ZigBee(R) Solutions Standard Linear Select Document Type Application Notes User Guides Models Block Diagrams White Papers More Literature Contact Technical Support KnowledgeBase TI Developer Conference Analog eLAB™ Design Center ... Sales Representatives my.TI allows you to order free samples, manage your newsletters and email preferences, sign up for training events and more. Log In or Register my.TI FAQ Texas Instruments (TI) designs and manufactures analog technologies, digital signal processing (DSP) and microcontroller (MCU) semiconductors. TI is a leader in semiconductor solutions for analog and digital embedded and applications processing. Products Applications Design Support TI Worldwide ... TI Worldwide: U.S. Contact Us my.TI Login var tiContentGroup; tiContentGroup = "Main Home Page"; var tiPageName; tiPageName = "Main Home Page-EN"; var fo = new FlashObject('http://focus.ti.com/en/graphics/tihome/brand/brand_omap.swf', "TI Home", "954", "312", "8", "#fff",'http://www.ti.com/home_bc_omap'); fo.addParam("wmode", "transparent"); fo.write("flash");

18. Pacific Semiconductors Inc.- Worldwide Distributor-Import-Export Specializing in hard to find, obsolete and discontinued semiconductors such as transistors, integrated circuits, triacs, SCRs, power AMPs etc. for the http://www.pacificsemi.com/

Pacific Semiconductors Inc. ENTER PART NUMBER FOR INVENTORY - PRICES - ORDERING Example # 2N3055 - ENTER # 2N30 or 2N Search: Main MENU SEMICONDUCTORS - Home PARTS LIST FROM to to to to ... to ALL OF OUR SANYO STK SEMICONDUCTORS ARE 100% ORIGINAL SHIPPED DIRECTLY TO US IN FACTORY SEALED BOXES STK and POPULAR SEMICONDUCTORS STK4152-II RSN35H1A-P RSN3502C-P CURRENT STOCK LIST CLICK HERE MINIMUM TOTAL ORDERS $25 + SHIPPING Our web site is updated every 48 Hours ! You can rely on us! in business since 1981 Over 10,000-ORIGINAL PARTS IN STOCK - no login-no password-no quote MINIMUM ORDER- U$/CDN$25 - FROM STOCK ON HAND - PLUS SHIPPING FLAT SHIPPING RATE IN CANADA $5.00- USA $10.00 -OVERSEAS US$25 UP TO 1KG -OR 2 LBS AND INCLUDING $100- INSURANCE ON ALL ORDERS DISCOUNT FOR ALL OUR CUSTOMERS IN CANADA - USA - OVERSEAS: MINIMUM TOTAL ORDER FROM STOCK ON HAND U$/C$ $100-UP- LESS 10%DISCOUNT MINIMUM TOTAL ORDER FROM STOCK ON HAND ONLY U$/C$250-UP - LESS 20% DISCOUNT MINIMUM TOTAL ORDER FROM STOCK ON HAND ONLY U$/C$500-UP - LESS 33% DISCOUNT ON EACH SHIPPING INVOICE ONLY !!

19. Discovery Semiconductors, Inc. Manufacturer of advanced photonics, electronics and semiconductors for the space and fiber optic markets. http://www.chipsat.com/

Product Families Fiberoptic Modules Instruments Resources PDF Format Datasheets Video Library Support Site Index About Discovery News Company Info Quality Control Worldwide Global Contacts Search Advanced Search Lab Buddy Versatile Benchtop O/E Converter Instrument Simplifies Your Experimental Setup Webcast : Ultra Fast Optical Coherent Receiver System Applications Originally Broadcast: June 27, 2007 Now available on Demand You can view the broadcast here. (click to see Award Kitty Hawk Optical Coherent Receiver Systems up to 10Gb/s (click to see Specs Announcements Discovery Expands 40G Receiver Product Line Discovery Extends 10G to 300km The first error free 40 Gb/s transmission over 50 m of Plastic Optical Fiber University of Kiel chooses Discovery's Balanced Photoreceivers for 16-ary Modulation Format Research ... Discovery Introduces Optical Coherent Receiver Systems Tel: (609) 434-1311 Fax: (609) 434-1317

20. Compound Semiconductors Online - Your Compound Semiconductor Industry Resource An online resource site dedicated to the needs of the compound semiconductor industry, including news, jobs, reviews, analysis, education, http://www.compoundsemi.com/

News.. Jobs.. Directories.. NewsRoom Daily News LIGHTimes SSLighting News News via email ... Industry Events List CS Online Events Blue 2008 (Coming May 7-8) Blue 2007 CS Vision 2007 ... Free Journals Search Press Releases Communications LED-related Lasers ... Listing a Job Control Panel Login: Account Control Center New to the Compounds? Compound ... Contact Us Your Compound Semiconductor Industry Portal We've expanded! For Solid State Lighting, HB-LED, and supply chain news, information, and resources, visit SolidStateLighting Net and our new LIGHTimes Online News Communications Enabling datacom telecom, wireless High Brightness LEDs Opening new vistas in power efficient lighting Semiconductor Lasers/Optics Focusing on new frontiers in storage and communications High Efficiency Solar Cells Powering the future Infrastructure Equipment, Material

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